IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/a/bcp/journl/v7y2023i12p1990-1997.html

Selected Non – Funded Products and Trade Finance Income among Commercial Banks in Kenya

Author

Listed:
  • Catherine Khalayi Busaule

    (Senior Business Development Manager, KCB Group, Kenya.)

  • Prof. Emmanuel Awuor

    (Senior Business Development Manager, KCB Group, Kenya.)

Abstract

This study was aimed at determining the effect of selected non-funded products on trade finance income among commercial banks in Kenya. The selected non- funded products investigated in the study included: Guarantees; letters of credit and documentary collections. The research design for the study was descriptive with a target population, hence unit of analysis, comprising of 39 commercial banks in Kenya licensed and regulated by Kenya’s Central Bank in the year 2021. The respondents (unit of observation) were 39, representing a trade finance manager from each of the commercial banks. Therefore, the respondents provided data that was analysed using various statistical tools. The study found a substantial association between these products and Trade Finance income using inferential analysis, which included correlation analysis and regression analysis. Piloting of the study was undertaken using 10% of the sample size. These was important in establishing both the validity and reliability of the data collection instruments. The Cronbach alpha scores were above 0.70, hence, giving confidence that the data collection instrument was reliable. The results of the study show that a component of trade finance revenue is affected by the issuance, handling or management of trade finance instruments. The majority of commercial banks’ non-funded bank products, which include letters of credit, guarantees, and documentary collections, are classified as trade finance solutions in the study’s descriptive analysis. Commercial banks in Kenya are urged to expand their trade finance solutions offerings to electronic trade finance products such as electronic letters of creditand electronic guarantees in order to keep up with international best practices.

Suggested Citation

  • Catherine Khalayi Busaule & Prof. Emmanuel Awuor, 2023. "Selected Non – Funded Products and Trade Finance Income among Commercial Banks in Kenya," International Journal of Research and Innovation in Social Science, International Journal of Research and Innovation in Social Science (IJRISS), vol. 7(12), pages 1990-1997, December.
  • Handle: RePEc:bcp:journl:v:7:y:2023:i:12:p:1990-1997
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: https://www.rsisinternational.org/journals/ijriss/Digital-Library/volume-7-issue-12/1990-1997.pdf
    Download Restriction: no

    File URL: https://www.rsisinternational.org/journals/ijriss/articles/selected-non-funded-products-and-trade-finance-income-among-commercial-banks-in-kenya/
    Download Restriction: no
    ---><---

    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Anastasia Anatolievna Baboshkina, 2016. "Current aspects of trade finance in the global market," Russian Foreign Economic Journal, Russian Foreign Trade Academy Ministry of economic development of the Russian Federation, issue 10, pages 67-77, October.
    2. Pol Antràs & C. Fritz Foley, 2015. "Poultry in Motion: A Study of International Trade Finance Practices," Journal of Political Economy, University of Chicago Press, vol. 123(4), pages 853-901.
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Most related items

    These are the items that most often cite the same works as this one and are cited by the same works as this one.
    1. Leibovici, Fernando & Waugh, Michael E., 2019. "International trade and intertemporal substitution," Journal of International Economics, Elsevier, vol. 117(C), pages 158-174.
    2. Bo Cheng & Shiyu Lu, 2023. "Judicial system reform and trade credit financing: Evidence from a quasi‐natural experiment," Managerial and Decision Economics, John Wiley & Sons, Ltd., vol. 44(6), pages 3422-3436, September.
    3. Nicolas Berman & José de Sousa & Philippe Martin & Thierry Mayer, 2013. "Time to Ship during Financial Crises," NBER International Seminar on Macroeconomics, University of Chicago Press, vol. 9(1), pages 225-260.
    4. repec:cam:camjip:2101 is not listed on IDEAS
    5. Marc Auboin & Alisa DiCaprio, 2017. "Why Do Trade Finance Gaps Persist: Does it Matter for Trade and Development?," CESifo Working Paper Series 6425, CESifo.
    6. Felipe Brugués, 2026. "Take the Goods and Run: Contracting Frictions and Market Power in Supply Chains," American Economic Review, American Economic Association, vol. 116(2), pages 582-626, February.
    7. Choi, Moon Jung & Hwang, Sangyeon & Im, Hyejoon, 2022. "Cross-border trade credit and trade flows during the global financial crisis," International Review of Economics & Finance, Elsevier, vol. 82(C), pages 497-510.
    8. Maria Litvinova & Maria Luigia Segnana, 2015. "Firm boundaries in Transition countries. The influence of technological and institutional links," DEM Working Papers 2015/05, Department of Economics and Management.
    9. José María Serena Garralda & Garima Vasishtha, 2019. "What Drives Bank-Intermediated Trade Finance? Evidence from Cross-Country Analysis," International Journal of Central Banking, International Journal of Central Banking, vol. 15(3), pages 253-283, September.
    10. Li, Ruihai & Skouri, Konstantina & Teng, Jinn-Tsair & Yang, Wen-Goang, 2018. "Seller's optimal replenishment policy and payment term among advance, cash, and credit payments," International Journal of Production Economics, Elsevier, vol. 197(C), pages 35-42.
    11. Mohamadou Assamaou & Zhou Shenbei, 2025. "Is Foreign Direct Investment Inflow a “Curse” or a “Blessing” for Sustainable Development? Integrating the Modulation of Information Sharing," Journal of the Knowledge Economy, Springer;Portland International Center for Management of Engineering and Technology (PICMET), vol. 16(6), pages 18177-18205, December.
    12. Alvaro Garcia-Marin & Santiago Justel & Tim Schmidt-Eisenlohr, 2019. "Trade Credit, Markups, and Relationships," CESifo Working Paper Series 7600, CESifo.
    13. Fabrice Defever & Alejandro Riaño & Gonzalo Varela, 2025. "Evaluating the impact of export finance support on firm‐level export performance: Evidence from Pakistan," Canadian Journal of Economics/Revue canadienne d'économique, John Wiley & Sons, vol. 58(3), pages 1070-1091, August.
    14. repec:spo:wpmain:info:hdl:2441/58gkob9fur9g692gbiqnqb3mdj is not listed on IDEAS
    15. Brancati, Emanuele, 2022. "Help in a Foreign Land: Internationalized Banks and Firms’ Export," IZA Discussion Papers 15458, IZA Network @ LISER.
    16. Hyejoon Im, 2021. "Product heterogeneity in international terms of payment," Economic Inquiry, Western Economic Association International, vol. 59(4), pages 1661-1686, October.
    17. Julian Di Giovanni & Galina Hale, 2022. "Stock Market Spillovers via the Global Production Network: Transmission of U.S. Monetary Policy," Journal of Finance, American Finance Association, vol. 77(6), pages 3373-3421, December.
    18. Fischer, Christian, 2020. "Optimal payment contracts in trade relationships," DICE Discussion Papers 332, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf Institute for Competition Economics (DICE).
    19. Macchiavello, Rocco & Miquel-Florensa, Josepa, 2017. "Vertical Integration and Relational Contracts: Evidence from the Costa Rica Coffee Chain," CEPR Discussion Papers 11874, C.E.P.R. Discussion Papers.
    20. Andreas Hoefele & Tim Schmidt-Eisenlohr & Zhihong Yu, 2016. "Payment choice in international trade: Theory and evidence from cross-country firm-level data," Canadian Journal of Economics, Canadian Economics Association, vol. 49(1), pages 296-319, February.
    21. Van Tien Nguyen & Ngoc Thang Doan, 2023. "Open account, import decision and financial constraints: A cross‐country firm‐level study," International Journal of Finance & Economics, John Wiley & Sons, Ltd., vol. 28(4), pages 3918-3937, October.
    22. Laura Alfaro & Mariya Brussevich & Camelia Minoiu & Andrea F. Presbitero, 2025. "Bank Financing of Global Supply Chains," NBER Working Papers 33754, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc.

    More about this item

    Statistics

    Access and download statistics

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:bcp:journl:v:7:y:2023:i:12:p:1990-1997. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    If CitEc recognized a bibliographic reference but did not link an item in RePEc to it, you can help with this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: Dr. Pawan Verma (email available below). General contact details of provider: https://rsisinternational.org/journals/ijriss/ .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.