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Physiological responses to racism and discrimination: An assessment of the evidence

Author

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  • Harrell, J.P.
  • Hall, S.
  • Taliaferro, J.

Abstract

A growing body of research explores the impact of encounters with racism or discrimination on physiological activity. Investigators have collected these data in laboratories and in controlled clinical settings. Several but not all of the studies suggest that higher blood pressure levels are associated with the tendency not to recall or report occurrences identified as racist and discriminatory. Investigators have reported that physiological arousal is associated with laboratory analogues of ethnic discrimination and mistreatment. Evidence from survey and laboratory studies suggests that personality variables and cultural orientation moderate the impact of racial discrimination. The neural pathways that mediate these physiological reactions are not known. The evidence supports the notion that direct encounters with discriminatory events contribute to negative health outcomes.

Suggested Citation

  • Harrell, J.P. & Hall, S. & Taliaferro, J., 2003. "Physiological responses to racism and discrimination: An assessment of the evidence," American Journal of Public Health, American Public Health Association, vol. 93(2), pages 243-248.
    • Handle: RePEc:aph:ajpbhl:2003:93:2:243-248_9
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    Cited by:

    1. Poutvaara, Panu & Steinhardt, Max Friedrich, 2018. "Bitterness in life and attitudes towards immigration," European Journal of Political Economy, Elsevier, vol. 55(C), pages 471-490.
    2. Bey, Ganga S., 2022. "The Identity Vitality-Pathology model: A novel theoretical framework proposing “identity state” as a modulator of the pathways from structural to health inequity," Social Science & Medicine, Elsevier, vol. 314(C).
    3. Forrest-Bank, Shandra S. & Jenson, Jeffery M., 2015. "The relationship among childhood risk and protective factors, racial microaggression and ethnic identity, and academic self-efficacy and antisocial behavior in young adulthood," Children and Youth Services Review, Elsevier, vol. 50(C), pages 64-74.
    4. Huda Al Raqaishi & Mohammad Al Qadire & Omar Alzaabi & Omar Al Omari, 2022. "Health-Related Stigma, Social Support, Self-Efficacy, and Self-Care Actions Among Adults With Sickle Cell Disease in Oman," Clinical Nursing Research, , vol. 31(5), pages 803-811, June.
    5. Chonika Coleman-King & Valerie Adams-Bass & Keisha Bentley-Edwards & Duane Thomas & Celine Thompson & Ali Michael & Gwendolyn Miller & Bianka Charity-Parker & Howard Stevenson, 2021. "Got Skillz? Recasting and Negotiating Racial Tension in Teacher–Student Relationships Amidst Shifting Demographics," Social Sciences, MDPI, vol. 10(3), pages 1-21, March.
    6. Korous, Kevin M. & Causadias, José M. & Casper, Deborah M., 2017. "Racial discrimination and cortisol output: A meta-analysis," Social Science & Medicine, Elsevier, vol. 193(C), pages 90-100.
    7. Corrado Giulietti & Mirco Tonin & Michael Vlassopoulos, 2015. "Racial Discrimination in Local Public Services: A Field Experiment in the US," CESifo Working Paper Series 5537, CESifo.
    8. Chen, Shanting & Mallory, Allen B., 2021. "The effect of racial discrimination on mental and physical health: A propensity score weighting approach," Social Science & Medicine, Elsevier, vol. 285(C).
    9. Bastos, Joao Luiz & Celeste, Roger Keller & Faerstein, Eduardo & Barros, Aluisio J.D., 2010. "Racial discrimination and health: A systematic review of scales with a focus on their psychometric properties," Social Science & Medicine, Elsevier, vol. 70(7), pages 1091-1099, April.
    10. Kristen Burwell-Naney & Sacoby M. Wilson & Siobhan T. Whitlock & Robin Puett, 2019. "Hybrid Resiliency-Stressor Conceptual Framework for Informing Decision Support Tools and Addressing Environmental Injustice and Health Inequities," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 16(8), pages 1-19, April.
    11. Borrell, Luisa N. & Kiefe, Catarina I. & Williams, David R. & Diez-Roux, Ana V. & Gordon-Larsen, Penny, 2006. "Self-reported health, perceived racial discrimination, and skin color in African Americans in the CARDIA study," Social Science & Medicine, Elsevier, vol. 63(6), pages 1415-1427, September.
    12. Alfonso Urzúa & Alejandra Caqueo-Urízar & Diego Henríquez & Marcos Domic & Daniel Acevedo & Sebastian Ralph & Gonzalo Reyes & Diego Tang, 2021. "Ethnic Identity as a Mediator of the Relationship between Discrimination and Psychological Well-Being in South—South Migrant Populations," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(5), pages 1-13, February.
    13. Krieger, Nancy & Smith, Kevin & Naishadham, Deepa & Hartman, Cathy & Barbeau, Elizabeth M., 2005. "Experiences of discrimination: Validity and reliability of a self-report measure for population health research on racism and health," Social Science & Medicine, Elsevier, vol. 61(7), pages 1576-1596, October.
    14. Williams, David R. & Gonzalez, Hector M. & Williams, Stacey & Mohammed, Selina A. & Moomal, Hashim & Stein, Dan J., 2008. "Perceived discrimination, race and health in South Africa," Social Science & Medicine, Elsevier, vol. 67(3), pages 441-452, August.
    15. Ziersch, Anna M. & Gallaher, Gilbert & Baum, Fran & Bentley, Michael, 2011. "Responding to racism: Insights on how racism can damage health from an urban study of Australian Aboriginal people," Social Science & Medicine, Elsevier, vol. 73(7), pages 1045-1053.
    16. Chae, David H. & Lincoln, Karen D. & Adler, Nancy E. & Syme, S. Leonard, 2010. "Do experiences of racial discrimination predict cardiovascular disease among African American men? The moderating role of internalized negative racial group attitudes," Social Science & Medicine, Elsevier, vol. 71(6), pages 1182-1188, September.

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