IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/a/gam/jijerp/v18y2021i5p2359-d507719.html
   My bibliography  Save this article

Ethnic Identity as a Mediator of the Relationship between Discrimination and Psychological Well-Being in South—South Migrant Populations

Author

Listed:
  • Alfonso Urzúa

    (Escuela de Psicología, Universidad Católica del Norte, Antofagasta 1240000, Chile)

  • Alejandra Caqueo-Urízar

    (Instituto de Alta Investigación, Universidad de Tarapacá, Arica 1000000, Chile)

  • Diego Henríquez

    (Escuela de Psicología, Universidad Católica del Norte, Antofagasta 1240000, Chile)

  • Marcos Domic

    (Escuela de Psicología, Universidad Católica del Norte, Antofagasta 1240000, Chile)

  • Daniel Acevedo

    (Escuela de Psicología y Filosofía, Universidad de Tarapacá, Arica 1000000, Chile)

  • Sebastian Ralph

    (Escuela de Psicología y Filosofía, Universidad de Tarapacá, Arica 1000000, Chile)

  • Gonzalo Reyes

    (Escuela de Psicología y Filosofía, Universidad de Tarapacá, Arica 1000000, Chile)

  • Diego Tang

    (Escuela de Psicología y Filosofía, Universidad de Tarapacá, Arica 1000000, Chile)

Abstract

There is abundant evidence about the negative impact of discrimination on well-being, but less research on factors that can reduce this negative effect, mainly focused on North American samples and with incipient development on South–South migration. The objective of this research was to analyze the effect of ethnic identity on the relationship between the experience of racial and ethnic discrimination and psychological well-being in Colombian immigrants living in Chile. A total of 962 immigrants over the age of 18 from three cities in Chile participated. Of these, 50.7% were women. The average age was 35 years (SD = 10.23). Participants were evaluated using Ryff’s Psychological Well-Being Scales, Phinney’s adapted version of the Multigroup Ethnic Identity Scale, and Krieger’s Discrimination Experience Scale. After the analysis of the measurement models, a mediation model was analyzed using structural equations. The results provide evidence that ethnic and racial discrimination have negative effects on psychological well-being, with the effect of racial discrimination being greater. Likewise, ethnic identity has positive effects on psychological well-being and partially and completely mediates the effects of ethnic and racial discrimination on psychological well-being. The full effect of discrimination on psychological well-being, mediated by ethnic identity, is exercised only by racial discrimination and not by ethnic discrimination.

Suggested Citation

  • Alfonso Urzúa & Alejandra Caqueo-Urízar & Diego Henríquez & Marcos Domic & Daniel Acevedo & Sebastian Ralph & Gonzalo Reyes & Diego Tang, 2021. "Ethnic Identity as a Mediator of the Relationship between Discrimination and Psychological Well-Being in South—South Migrant Populations," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(5), pages 1-13, February.
    • Handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:18:y:2021:i:5:p:2359-:d:507719
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: https://www.mdpi.com/1660-4601/18/5/2359/pdf
    Download Restriction: no
    File URL: https://www.mdpi.com/1660-4601/18/5/2359/
    Download Restriction: no
    ---><---

    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Wallace, S. & Nazroo, J. & Bécares, L., 2016. "Cumulative effect of racial discrimination on the mental health of ethnic minorities in the United Kingdom," American Journal of Public Health, American Public Health Association, vol. 106(7), pages 1294-1300.
    2. Cuevas, A.G. & Dawson, B.A. & Williams, D.R., 2016. "Race and skin color in latino health: An analytic review," American Journal of Public Health, American Public Health Association, vol. 106(12), pages 2131-2136.
    3. Krieger, Nancy & Smith, Kevin & Naishadham, Deepa & Hartman, Cathy & Barbeau, Elizabeth M., 2005. "Experiences of discrimination: Validity and reliability of a self-report measure for population health research on racism and health," Social Science & Medicine, Elsevier, vol. 61(7), pages 1576-1596, October.
    4. Harrell, J.P. & Hall, S. & Taliaferro, J., 2003. "Physiological responses to racism and discrimination: An assessment of the evidence," American Journal of Public Health, American Public Health Association, vol. 93(2), pages 243-248.
    5. Bhui, K. & Stansfeld, S. & McKenzie, K. & Karlsen, S. & Nazroo, J. & Weich, S., 2005. "Racial/ethnic discrimination and common mental disorders among workers: Findings from the EMPIRIC study of ethnic minority groups in the United Kingdom," American Journal of Public Health, American Public Health Association, vol. 95(3), pages 496-501.
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Citations

    Citations are extracted by the CitEc Project, subscribe to its RSS feed for this item.
    as


    Cited by:

    1. Alfonso Urzúa & Diego Henríquez & Alejandra Caqueo-Urízar & Rodrigo Landabur, 2021. "Ethnic Identity and Collective Self-Esteem Mediate the Effect of Anxiety and Depression on Quality of Life in a Migrant Population," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(1), pages 1-11, December.
    2. Diego Henríquez & Alfonso Urzúa & Wilson López-López, 2023. "Social Support as a Mediator of the Relationship between Identity Fusion and Psychological Well-Being in South—South Migrant Populations," Journal of International Migration and Integration, Springer, vol. 24(3), pages 1113-1135, September.

    Most related items

    These are the items that most often cite the same works as this one and are cited by the same works as this one.
    1. Gee, Gilbert C. & Spencer, Michael & Chen, Juan & Yip, Tiffany & Takeuchi, David T., 2007. "The association between self-reported racial discrimination and 12-month DSM-IV mental disorders among Asian Americans nationwide," Social Science & Medicine, Elsevier, vol. 64(10), pages 1984-1996, May.
    2. Gee, Gilbert & Walsemann, Katrina, 2009. "Does health predict the reporting of racial discrimination or do reports of discrimination predict health? Findings from the National Longitudinal Study of Youth," Social Science & Medicine, Elsevier, vol. 68(9), pages 1676-1684, May.
    3. Seung-Sup Kim & David R Williams, 2012. "Perceived Discrimination and Self-Rated Health in South Korea: A Nationally Representative Survey," PLOS ONE, Public Library of Science, vol. 7(1), pages 1-8, January.
    4. Korous, Kevin M. & Causadias, José M. & Casper, Deborah M., 2017. "Racial discrimination and cortisol output: A meta-analysis," Social Science & Medicine, Elsevier, vol. 193(C), pages 90-100.
    5. Siddiqi, Arjumand & Shahidi, Faraz Vahid & Ramraj, Chantel & Williams, David R., 2017. "Associations between race, discrimination and risk for chronic disease in a population-based sample from Canada," Social Science & Medicine, Elsevier, vol. 194(C), pages 135-141.
    6. Kelaher, M. & Paul, Sheila & Lambert, Helen & Ahmad, Waqar & Paradies, Yin & Davey Smith, George, 2008. "Discrimination and health in an English study," Social Science & Medicine, Elsevier, vol. 66(7), pages 1627-1636, April.
    7. Bastos, Joao Luiz & Celeste, Roger Keller & Faerstein, Eduardo & Barros, Aluisio J.D., 2010. "Racial discrimination and health: A systematic review of scales with a focus on their psychometric properties," Social Science & Medicine, Elsevier, vol. 70(7), pages 1091-1099, April.
    8. Fabian T C Schmidt & Clemens M Lechner & Daniel Danner, 2020. "New wine in an old bottle? A facet-level perspective on the added value of Grit over BFI–2 Conscientiousness," PLOS ONE, Public Library of Science, vol. 15(2), pages 1-25, February.
    9. Alfonso Urzúa & Alejandra Caqueo-Urízar & Diego Henríquez & David R. Williams, 2021. "Discrimination and Health: The Mediating Effect of Acculturative Stress," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(10), pages 1-11, May.
    10. Johnston, David W. & Lordan, Grace, 2012. "Discrimination makes me sick! An examination of the discrimination–health relationship," Journal of Health Economics, Elsevier, vol. 31(1), pages 99-111.
    11. Irizar, Patricia & Kapadia, Dharmi & Amele, Sarah & Bécares, Laia & Divall, Pip & Katikireddi, Srinivasa Vittal & Kibuchi, Eliud & Kneale, Dylan & McCabe, Ronan & Nazroo, James & Nellums, Laura B. & T, 2023. "Pathways to ethnic inequalities in COVID-19 health outcomes in the United Kingdom: A systematic map," Social Science & Medicine, Elsevier, vol. 329(C).
    12. June S.L. Brown & Sarah J. Casey & Amanda J. Bishop & Marta Prytys & Naureen Whittinger & John Weinman, 2011. "How Black African and White British Women Perceive Depression and Help-Seeking: a Pilot Vignette Study," International Journal of Social Psychiatry, , vol. 57(4), pages 362-374, July.
    13. Poutvaara, Panu & Steinhardt, Max Friedrich, 2018. "Bitterness in life and attitudes towards immigration," European Journal of Political Economy, Elsevier, vol. 55(C), pages 471-490.
    14. Chonika Coleman-King & Valerie Adams-Bass & Keisha Bentley-Edwards & Duane Thomas & Celine Thompson & Ali Michael & Gwendolyn Miller & Bianka Charity-Parker & Howard Stevenson, 2021. "Got Skillz? Recasting and Negotiating Racial Tension in Teacher–Student Relationships Amidst Shifting Demographics," Social Sciences, MDPI, vol. 10(3), pages 1-21, March.
    15. Bijou, Christina & Colen, Cynthia G, 2022. "Shades of health: Skin color, ethnicity, and mental health among Black Americans," Social Science & Medicine, Elsevier, vol. 313(C).
    16. Correa-Velez, Ignacio & Gifford, Sandra M. & Barnett, Adrian G., 2010. "Longing to belong: Social inclusion and wellbeing among youth with refugee backgrounds in the first three years in Melbourne, Australia," Social Science & Medicine, Elsevier, vol. 71(8), pages 1399-1408, October.
    17. Lynn N. Ibekwe & Maria Eugenia Fernández-Esquer & Sandi L. Pruitt & Nalini Ranjit & Maria E. Fernández, 2021. "Racism and Cancer Screening among Low-Income, African American Women: A Multilevel, Longitudinal Analysis of 2-1-1 Texas Callers," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(21), pages 1-19, October.
    18. Deepak Sartaj & Vijay Krishnan & Ravindra Rao & Atul Ambekar & Neeraj Dhingra & Pratap Sharan, 2021. "Mental illnesses and related vulnerabilities in the Hijra community: A cross-sectional study from India," International Journal of Social Psychiatry, , vol. 67(3), pages 290-297, May.
    19. Shippee, Tetyana Pylypiv & Schafer, Markus H. & Ferraro, Kenneth F., 2012. "Beyond the barriers: Racial discrimination and use of complementary and alternative medicine among Black Americans," Social Science & Medicine, Elsevier, vol. 74(8), pages 1155-1162.
    20. Jason Arday, 2018. "Understanding Mental Health: What Are the Issues for Black and Ethnic Minority Students at University?," Social Sciences, MDPI, vol. 7(10), pages 1-25, October.

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:gam:jijerp:v:18:y:2021:i:5:p:2359-:d:507719. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    If CitEc recognized a bibliographic reference but did not link an item in RePEc to it, you can help with this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: MDPI Indexing Manager (email available below). General contact details of provider: https://www.mdpi.com .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.