IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/a/eee/socmed/v380y2025ics0277953625005246.html

Correlates of longitudinal patterns of racial discrimination in midlife and older Black adults: Evidence from the health and retirement study

Author

Listed:
  • White Whilby, Kellee
  • Huang, Shuo J.
  • Bell, Bethany A.
  • Robinson-Ector, Kaitlynn
  • Sims, Mario
  • Williams, David R.

Abstract

Single cross-sectional discrimination measures may mask dynamic patterns of cumulative experiences and exposure to racial discrimination. However, there is a dearth of studies assessing trajectories of racial discrimination, particularly among midlife and older Black adults in the United States. The study aims to identify trajectories of racial discrimination over 12 years. We also examine the association between sociodemographic characteristics and resilience resources with racial discrimination trajectories.

Suggested Citation

  • White Whilby, Kellee & Huang, Shuo J. & Bell, Bethany A. & Robinson-Ector, Kaitlynn & Sims, Mario & Williams, David R., 2025. "Correlates of longitudinal patterns of racial discrimination in midlife and older Black adults: Evidence from the health and retirement study," Social Science & Medicine, Elsevier, vol. 380(C).
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:socmed:v:380:y:2025:i:c:s0277953625005246
    DOI: 10.1016/j.socscimed.2025.118194
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0277953625005246
    Download Restriction: Full text for ScienceDirect subscribers only
    File URL: https://libkey.io/10.1016/j.socscimed.2025.118194?utm_source=ideas
    LibKey link: if access is restricted and if your library uses this service, LibKey will redirect you to where you can use your library subscription to access this item
    ---><---

    As the access to this document is restricted, you may want to

    for a different version of it.

    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Cobb, Ryon J. & Rodriguez, Violeta J. & Brown, Tyson H. & Louie, Patricia & Farmer, Heather R. & Sheehan, Connor M. & Mouzon, Dawne M. & Thorpe, Roland J., 2023. "Attribution for everyday discrimination typologies and mortality risk among older black adults: Evidence from the health and retirement study," Social Science & Medicine, Elsevier, vol. 316(C).
    2. Manning, Mark & Byrd, DeAnnah & Lucas, Todd & Zahodne, Laura B., 2023. "Complex effects of racism and discrimination on African Americans' health and well-being: Navigating the status quo," Social Science & Medicine, Elsevier, vol. 316(C).
    3. McDonough, Ian M. & Byrd, DeAnnah R. & Choi, Shinae L., 2023. "Resilience resources may buffer some middle-aged and older Black Americans from memory decline despite experiencing discrimination," Social Science & Medicine, Elsevier, vol. 316(C).
    4. Gilles Celeux & Gilda Soromenho, 1996. "An entropy criterion for assessing the number of clusters in a mixture model," Journal of Classification, Springer;The Classification Society, vol. 13(2), pages 195-212, September.
    5. Harrell, J.P. & Hall, S. & Taliaferro, J., 2003. "Physiological responses to racism and discrimination: An assessment of the evidence," American Journal of Public Health, American Public Health Association, vol. 93(2), pages 243-248.
    6. Barnes, L.L. & Mendes De Leon, C.F. & Lewis, T.T. & Bienias, J.L. & Wilson, R.S. & Evans, D.A., 2008. "Perceived discrimination and mortality in a population-based study of older adults," American Journal of Public Health, American Public Health Association, vol. 98(7), pages 1241-1247.
    7. Krieger, Nancy & Smith, Kevin & Naishadham, Deepa & Hartman, Cathy & Barbeau, Elizabeth M., 2005. "Experiences of discrimination: Validity and reliability of a self-report measure for population health research on racism and health," Social Science & Medicine, Elsevier, vol. 61(7), pages 1576-1596, October.
    8. Miles G Taylor & Stephanie Ureña & Dawn C Carr & Stella Min, 2019. "Early-Life Military Exposures and Functional Impairment Trajectories Among Older Male Veterans: The Buffering Effect of Psychological Resilience," The Journals of Gerontology: Series B, The Gerontological Society of America, vol. 74(5), pages 832-841.
    9. Bowleg, L., 2012. "The problem with the phrase women and minorities: Intersectionality-an important theoretical framework for public health," American Journal of Public Health, American Public Health Association, vol. 102(7), pages 1267-1273.
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Most related items

    These are the items that most often cite the same works as this one and are cited by the same works as this one.
    1. Gee, Gilbert & Walsemann, Katrina, 2009. "Does health predict the reporting of racial discrimination or do reports of discrimination predict health? Findings from the National Longitudinal Study of Youth," Social Science & Medicine, Elsevier, vol. 68(9), pages 1676-1684, May.
    2. Alfonso Urzúa & Alejandra Caqueo-Urízar & Diego Henríquez & Marcos Domic & Daniel Acevedo & Sebastian Ralph & Gonzalo Reyes & Diego Tang, 2021. "Ethnic Identity as a Mediator of the Relationship between Discrimination and Psychological Well-Being in South—South Migrant Populations," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(5), pages 1-13, February.
    3. Bauer, Greta R., 2014. "Incorporating intersectionality theory into population health research methodology: Challenges and the potential to advance health equity," Social Science & Medicine, Elsevier, vol. 110(C), pages 10-17.
    4. Korous, Kevin M. & Causadias, José M. & Casper, Deborah M., 2017. "Racial discrimination and cortisol output: A meta-analysis," Social Science & Medicine, Elsevier, vol. 193(C), pages 90-100.
    5. Allen, Jennifer Dacey & Caspi, Caitlin & Yang, May & Leyva, Bryan & Stoddard, Anne M. & Tamers, Sara & Tucker-Seeley, Reginald D. & Sorensen, Glorian C., 2014. "Pathways between acculturation and health behaviors among residents of low-income housing: The mediating role of social and contextual factors," Social Science & Medicine, Elsevier, vol. 123(C), pages 26-36.
    6. Colen, Cynthia G. & Ramey, David M. & Cooksey, Elizabeth C. & Williams, David R., 2018. "Racial disparities in health among nonpoor African Americans and Hispanics: The role of acute and chronic discrimination," Social Science & Medicine, Elsevier, vol. 199(C), pages 167-180.
    7. Scheim, Ayden I. & Bauer, Greta R., 2019. "The Intersectional Discrimination Index: Development and validation of measures of self-reported enacted and anticipated discrimination for intercategorical analysis," Social Science & Medicine, Elsevier, vol. 226(C), pages 225-235.
    8. Everett, Bethany G. & Hatzenbuehler, Mark L. & Hughes, Tonda L., 2016. "The impact of civil union legislation on minority stress, depression, and hazardous drinking in a diverse sample of sexual-minority women: A quasi-natural experiment," Social Science & Medicine, Elsevier, vol. 169(C), pages 180-190.
    9. Magdalena Mijas & Karolina Koziara & Andrzej Galbarczyk & Grazyna Jasienska, 2020. "Chubby, Hairy and Fearless. Subcultural Identities and Predictors of Self-Esteem in a Sample of Polish Members of Bear Community," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 17(12), pages 1-12, June.
    10. Madeleine F. Cohen & Anne L. Dunlop & Dayna A. Johnson & Alexis Dunn Amore & Elizabeth J. Corwin & Patricia A. Brennan, 2022. "Intergenerational Effects of Discrimination on Black American Children’s Sleep Health," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(7), pages 1-18, March.
    11. Bastos, Joao Luiz & Celeste, Roger Keller & Faerstein, Eduardo & Barros, Aluisio J.D., 2010. "Racial discrimination and health: A systematic review of scales with a focus on their psychometric properties," Social Science & Medicine, Elsevier, vol. 70(7), pages 1091-1099, April.
    12. Shouchuang Zhang & Ting Wang & Lanyue Zhang & Yuehui Wei & Weiyan Jian & Jing Guo, 2024. "Relationship between social inequality perception patterns and depressive symptoms among Chinese adults: A national representative longitudinal study," International Journal of Social Psychiatry, , vol. 70(5), pages 933-944, August.
    13. Liat Ayalon, 2018. "Perceived Age Discrimination: A Precipitator or a Consequence of Depressive Symptoms?," The Journals of Gerontology: Series B, The Gerontological Society of America, vol. 73(5), pages 860-869.
    14. Julian Aichholzer & Sylvia Kritzinger & Carolina Plescia, 2021. "National identity profiles and support for the European Union," European Union Politics, , vol. 22(2), pages 293-315, June.
    15. Fabian T C Schmidt & Clemens M Lechner & Daniel Danner, 2020. "New wine in an old bottle? A facet-level perspective on the added value of Grit over BFI–2 Conscientiousness," PLOS ONE, Public Library of Science, vol. 15(2), pages 1-25, February.
    16. Xiongya Li & Xiuqin Bai & Weixing Song, 2025. "Robust mixture of linear mixed modeling via multivariate Laplace distribution," Computational Statistics, Springer, vol. 40(8), pages 4209-4230, November.
    17. Alfonso Urzúa & Alejandra Caqueo-Urízar & Diego Henríquez & David R. Williams, 2021. "Discrimination and Health: The Mediating Effect of Acculturative Stress," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(10), pages 1-11, May.
    18. Johnston, David W. & Lordan, Grace, 2012. "Discrimination makes me sick! An examination of the discrimination–health relationship," Journal of Health Economics, Elsevier, vol. 31(1), pages 99-111.
    19. Daniel Demant & Oscar Oviedo-Trespalacios & Julie-Anne Carroll & Jason A. Ferris & Larissa Maier & Monica J. Barratt & Adam R. Winstock, 2018. "Do people with intersecting identities report more high-risk alcohol use and lifetime substance use?," International Journal of Public Health, Springer;Swiss School of Public Health (SSPH+), vol. 63(5), pages 621-630, June.
    20. Nicoleta Serban & Huijing Jiang, 2012. "Multilevel Functional Clustering Analysis," Biometrics, The International Biometric Society, vol. 68(3), pages 805-814, September.

    More about this item

    Keywords

    ;
    ;
    ;
    ;
    ;
    ;
    ;

    Statistics

    Access and download statistics

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:eee:socmed:v:380:y:2025:i:c:s0277953625005246. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    If CitEc recognized a bibliographic reference but did not link an item in RePEc to it, you can help with this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: Catherine Liu (email available below). General contact details of provider: http://www.elsevier.com/wps/find/journaldescription.cws_home/315/description#description .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.