Cet article s'attache ˆ donner des fondements thŽoriques ˆ la structure verticale des rŽseaux de distribution des drogues illicites, en faisant appel ˆ l'analyse des relations verticales et en intŽgrant le caractre illŽgal de cette activitŽ. Il analyse ensuite la manire dont les autoritŽs, par l'intermŽdiaire des cožts de rŽpression qu'elles imposent aux vendeurs de drogues, peuvent mettre en Ïuvre dans le cadre d'un Žquilibre dŽcentralisŽ l'optimum social. Nous montrons qu'un rŽseau verticalement sŽparŽ, structure optimale de premier rang, trs couramment observŽe sur ce marchŽ, ne peut jamais tre mis en Ïuvre.
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