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The Cleansing Effect of Banking Crises

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  • Ongena, Steven
  • Gropp, Reint
  • Rocholl, Jörg
  • Saadi, Vahid

Abstract

We assess the cleansing effects of the 2008-2009 financial crisis. U.S. regions with higher levels of supervisory forbearance on distressed banks see less restructuring in the real sector: fewer establishments, firms, and jobs are lost when more distressed banks remain in business. In these regions, the banking sector has been less healthy for several years after the crisis. Regions with less forbearance experience higher productivity growth after the crisis with more firm entries, job creation, and employment, wages, patents, and output growth. Forbearance is greater for state-chartered banks and in regions with weaker banking competition and more independent banks.

Suggested Citation

  • Ongena, Steven & Gropp, Reint & Rocholl, Jörg & Saadi, Vahid, 2020. "The Cleansing Effect of Banking Crises," CEPR Discussion Papers 15025, C.E.P.R. Discussion Papers.
    • Handle: RePEc:cpr:ceprdp:15025
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    2. Özlem Dursun-de Neef, H. & Schandlbauer, Alexander, 2021. "COVID-19 and lending responses of European banks," Journal of Banking & Finance, Elsevier, vol. 133(C).
    3. Furceri, Davide & Kilic Celik, Sinem & Jalles, João Tovar & Koloskova, Ksenia, 2021. "Recessions and total factor productivity: Evidence from sectoral data," Economic Modelling, Elsevier, vol. 94(C), pages 130-138.
    4. Kris J. Mitchener & Angela Vossmeyer & Kris James Mitchener, 2023. "How Do Financial Crises Redistribute Risk?," CESifo Working Paper Series 10597, CESifo.
    5. Wagner, Wolf & Lambert, Thomas & Zhang, Eden Quxian, 2020. "Banks, Political Capital, and Growth," CEPR Discussion Papers 15612, C.E.P.R. Discussion Papers.
    6. Gropp, Reint & Koetter, Michael & McShane, William, 2020. "The Corona recession and bank stress in Germany," IWH Online 4/2020, Halle Institute for Economic Research (IWH).
    7. Roman Goncharenko & Mikhail Mamonov & Steven Ongena & Svetlana Popova & Natalia Turdyeva, 2023. "Quo Vadis? Evidence on New Firm-Bank Matching and Firm Performance Following “Sin” Bank Closures," CERGE-EI Working Papers wp754, The Center for Economic Research and Graduate Education - Economics Institute, Prague.
    8. Bianca Barbaro & Patrizio Tirelli, 2023. "Forbearance vs foreclosure in a general equilibrium model," Working Papers 516, University of Milano-Bicocca, Department of Economics.
    9. Barbaro, Bianca & Tirelli, Patrizio, 2021. "Forbearance vs foreclosure in a general equilibrium model," Working Paper Series 2531, European Central Bank.
    10. Bittner, Christian & Fecht, Falko & Georg, Co-Pierre, 2021. "Contagious zombies," Discussion Papers 15/2021, Deutsche Bundesbank.
    11. Thomas Lambert & Wolf Wagner & Eden Quxian Zhang, 2023. "Banks, Political Capital, and Growth," The Review of Corporate Finance Studies, Society for Financial Studies, vol. 12(3), pages 613-655.

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    More about this item

    Keywords

    Cleansing effect; Banking crises; Supervisory forbearance; Productivity growth;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • G01 - Financial Economics - - General - - - Financial Crises
    • G21 - Financial Economics - - Financial Institutions and Services - - - Banks; Other Depository Institutions; Micro Finance Institutions; Mortgages
    • G28 - Financial Economics - - Financial Institutions and Services - - - Government Policy and Regulation
    • O43 - Economic Development, Innovation, Technological Change, and Growth - - Economic Growth and Aggregate Productivity - - - Institutions and Growth

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