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Unfilled Training Positions in Germany – Regional and Establishment-Specific Determinants

Author

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  • Dummert Sandra
  • Leber Ute
  • Schwengler Barbara

    (Institute for Employment Research, Nuremberg, Germany)

Abstract

The current situation in the German apprenticeship market is characterized by two contradictory developments. On the one hand, establishments are experiencing increasing problems filling the training positions they offer, and the number of vacant training positions is climbing. On the other hand, the transition into training is still difficult for many young people, and the number of unsuccessful vocational training applicants is rising. Hence, matching supply with demand is becoming increasingly difficult in the German job market for training positions. Using the Linked Employer-Employee dataset (LIAB) from the Institute for Employment Research (IAB), our paper provides a closer examination of the phenomenon of unfilled training positions. It presents an overview of the evolution of vacant training positions in eastern and western Germany and attempts to explain the number of vacancies by investigating the factors responsible for the establishments’ inability to fill their training positions. We assume that training position vacancies are due not only to internal company reasons such as firm size or the wage offer for apprentices but also to external conditions such as general regional factors. Therefore, our analysis also considers the situation on the demand side of the labor market within a region. The results of our multilevel mixed-effects estimations show that in addition to characteristics on the enterprise level, regional determinants also affect the share of vacant apprenticeships. With respect to establishment-related factors, mainly characteristics that describe the attractiveness of the firm prove to be important. With regard to regional-specific factors, we find that the availability of school leavers in a region in addition to the level of regional-sectoral competition impacts the recruiting success of establishments. Our analysis also shows that there are remarkable differences between eastern and western Germany concerning both the quantitative importance of unfilled training positions and the factors affecting them.

Suggested Citation

  • Dummert Sandra & Leber Ute & Schwengler Barbara, 2019. "Unfilled Training Positions in Germany – Regional and Establishment-Specific Determinants," Journal of Economics and Statistics (Jahrbuecher fuer Nationaloekonomie und Statistik), De Gruyter, vol. 239(4), pages 661-701, August.
    • Handle: RePEc:jns:jbstat:v:239:y:2019:i:4:p:661-701:n:5
    DOI: 10.1515/jbnst-2018-0014
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    Cited by:

    1. Dettmann, Eva & Fackler, Daniel & Müller, Steffen & Neuschäffer, Georg & Slavtchev, Viktor & Leber, Ute & Schwengler, Barbara, 2020. "Innovationen in Deutschland - Wie lassen sich Unterschiede in den Betrieben erklären? : Ergebnisse aus dem IAB-Betriebspanel 2019," IAB-Forschungsbericht 202012, Institut für Arbeitsmarkt- und Berufsforschung (IAB), Nürnberg [Institute for Employment Research, Nuremberg, Germany].
    2. Leber, Ute & Schwengler, Barbara, 2021. "Betriebliche Ausbildung in Deutschland: Unbesetzte Ausbildungsplätze und vorzeitig gelöste Verträge erschweren Fachkräftesicherung (Apprenticeship Training in Germany: Unfilled training positions and ," IAB-Kurzbericht 202103, Institut für Arbeitsmarkt- und Berufsforschung (IAB), Nürnberg [Institute for Employment Research, Nuremberg, Germany].

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    More about this item

    Keywords

    apprenticeship training; unfilled training positions; linked employer-employee data; multilevel mixed-effects models;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • J24 - Labor and Demographic Economics - - Demand and Supply of Labor - - - Human Capital; Skills; Occupational Choice; Labor Productivity
    • I29 - Health, Education, and Welfare - - Education - - - Other
    • M53 - Business Administration and Business Economics; Marketing; Accounting; Personnel Economics - - Personnel Economics - - - Training
    • R23 - Urban, Rural, Regional, Real Estate, and Transportation Economics - - Household Analysis - - - Regional Migration; Regional Labor Markets; Population

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