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Trade liberalization and gender inequality

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  • Janneke Pieters

    (Wageningen University, the Netherlands, IZA, Germany)

Abstract

Women consistently work less in the labor market and earn lower wages than men. While economic empowerment of women is an important objective in itself, women's economic activity also matters as a condition for sustained economic growth. The political debate on the labor market impacts of international trade typically differentiates workers by their educational attainment or skills. Gender is a further dimension in which the impacts of trade liberalization can differ. In a globalizing world it is important to understand whether and how trade policy can contribute toward enhancing gender convergence in labor market outcomes.

Suggested Citation

  • Janneke Pieters, 2018. "Trade liberalization and gender inequality," IZA World of Labor, Institute of Labor Economics (IZA), pages 1-11, October.
    • Handle: RePEc:iza:izawol:journl:2018:n:114
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    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

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    Cited by:

    1. Hani Mansour & Pamela Medina & Andrea Velásquez, 2023. "When Women’s Work Disappears: Marriage and Fertility Decisions in Peru," CESifo Working Paper Series 10602, CESifo.
    2. Priit Vahter & Jaan Masso, 2019. "The contribution of multinationals to wage inequality: foreign ownership and the gender pay gap," Review of World Economics (Weltwirtschaftliches Archiv), Springer;Institut für Weltwirtschaft (Kiel Institute for the World Economy), vol. 155(1), pages 105-148, February.
    3. Giorgia Giovannetti & Marco Sanfilippo & Arianna Vivoli, 2021. "Trade liberalization, employment, and gender in Ethiopia," WIDER Working Paper Series wp-2021-59, World Institute for Development Economic Research (UNU-WIDER).
    4. Hani Mansour & Pamela Medina & Andrea Velásquez, 2022. "Import Competition and Gender Differences in Labor Reallocation," CESifo Working Paper Series 9639, CESifo.
    5. Wolfgang Keller & Hale Utar, 2022. "Globalization, Gender, and the Family [Trade Shocks and Labor Adjustment: A Structural Empirical Approach]," The Review of Economic Studies, Review of Economic Studies Ltd, vol. 89(6), pages 3381-3409.
    6. Audi, Marc & Ali, Amjad, 2016. "Gender Gap and Trade Liberalization: An Analysis of some selected SAARC countries," MPRA Paper 83520, University Library of Munich, Germany.
    7. Mansour, Hani & Medina, Pamela & Velásquez, Andrea, 2022. "Import competition and gender differences in labor reallocation," Labour Economics, Elsevier, vol. 76(C).
    8. Mansour Hani & Velásquez Andrea & Medina Pamela, 2023. "When Women’s Work Disappears: Marriage and Fertility Decisions in Peru," Journal of Globalization and Development, De Gruyter, vol. 14(2), pages 385-412, December.
    9. Mansour, Hani & Medina, Pamela & Velásquez, Andrea, 2022. "Import competition and gender differences in labor reallocation," Labour Economics, Elsevier, vol. 76(C).
    10. Firat Demir & Saleh S. Tabrizy, 2022. "Gendered effects of sanctions on manufacturing employment: Evidence from Iran," Review of Development Economics, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 26(4), pages 2040-2069, November.
    11. Edna Muthoka & James Maingi, 2023. "A sectoral analysis of Trade openness and Women employment in selected East African Countries," International Journal of Science and Business, IJSAB International, vol. 24(1), pages 127-144.
    12. Arora, Diksha & Braunstein, Elissa & Seguino, Stephanie, 2023. "A macro analysis of gender segregation and job quality in Latin America," World Development, Elsevier, vol. 164(C).

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    More about this item

    Keywords

    trade; gender inequality; wages; employment;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • F66 - International Economics - - Economic Impacts of Globalization - - - Labor
    • J16 - Labor and Demographic Economics - - Demographic Economics - - - Economics of Gender; Non-labor Discrimination
    • J2 - Labor and Demographic Economics - - Demand and Supply of Labor
    • J31 - Labor and Demographic Economics - - Wages, Compensation, and Labor Costs - - - Wage Level and Structure; Wage Differentials

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