IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/a/eee/transe/v130y2019icp207-229.html
   My bibliography  Save this article

Optimal parking supply in bi-modal transportation network considering transit scale economies

Author

Listed:
  • Wang, Jing
  • Zhang, Xiaoning
  • Wang, Hua
  • Zhang, Michael

Abstract

In this paper, we investigate the optimal parking supply when considering the transit scale economies in a bi-modal network. Firstly, we formulate auto travel cost and transit travel cost and discuss the scale economies of transit service. Considering passenger’s waiting time, travel time and in-vehicle crowding cost, the function of transit travel cost is no longer monotone, but a “U” shape. Secondly, we derive the bi-modal equilibrium without parking restraint and analyze the uniqueness of the equilibrium. Then, we investigate the bi-modal equilibrium with parking restraint. When parking spots are inadequate, drivers would depart earlier to obtain parking spots and deadweight loss arises from competition for parking spots. It was found that parking permits distribution is very efficient in reducing the deadweight loss in Zhang et al. (2011). Thirdly, we study optimal parking supply with the schemes of no management and parking permits managements and analytically discuss the implication of restricting parking supply and parking permits distribution in a single OD pair. It is revealed that total travel costs do not always decrease as the provision of parking spots increases and there is an optimal provision of parking spots at the destination. Meanwhile, the optimal parking provision is discussed in the various schemes of parking permit distribution and trading with consideration of scale economy of transit in a many-to-one network. Finally, numerical examples show that restricting parking supply is an effective measure to reduce system cost.

Suggested Citation

  • Wang, Jing & Zhang, Xiaoning & Wang, Hua & Zhang, Michael, 2019. "Optimal parking supply in bi-modal transportation network considering transit scale economies," Transportation Research Part E: Logistics and Transportation Review, Elsevier, vol. 130(C), pages 207-229.
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:transe:v:130:y:2019:i:c:p:207-229
    DOI: 10.1016/j.tre.2019.09.003
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1366554519300055
    Download Restriction: Full text for ScienceDirect subscribers only
    File URL: https://libkey.io/10.1016/j.tre.2019.09.003?utm_source=ideas
    LibKey link: if access is restricted and if your library uses this service, LibKey will redirect you to where you can use your library subscription to access this item
    ---><---

    As the access to this document is restricted, you may want to search for a different version of it.

    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Mohring, Herbert, 1972. "Optimization and Scale Economies in Urban Bus Transportation," American Economic Review, American Economic Association, vol. 62(4), pages 591-604, September.
    2. Zhang, Fangni & Yang, Hai & Liu, Wei, 2014. "The Downs–Thomson Paradox with responsive transit service," Transportation Research Part A: Policy and Practice, Elsevier, vol. 70(C), pages 244-263.
    3. Liu, Tian-Liang & Huang, Hai-Jun & Yang, Hai & Zhang, Xiaoning, 2009. "Continuum modeling of park-and-ride services in a linear monocentric city with deterministic mode choice," Transportation Research Part B: Methodological, Elsevier, vol. 43(6), pages 692-707, July.
    4. Yang, Hai & Liu, Wei & Wang, Xiaolei & Zhang, Xiaoning, 2013. "On the morning commute problem with bottleneck congestion and parking space constraints," Transportation Research Part B: Methodological, Elsevier, vol. 58(C), pages 106-118.
    5. Huang, Hai-Jun, 2000. "Fares and tolls in a competitive system with transit and highway: the case with two groups of commuters," Transportation Research Part E: Logistics and Transportation Review, Elsevier, vol. 36(4), pages 267-284, December.
    6. de Palma, André & Lindsey, Robin & Monchambert, Guillaume, 2017. "The economics of crowding in rail transit," Journal of Urban Economics, Elsevier, vol. 101(C), pages 106-122.
    7. Arnott, Richard & de Palma, Andre & Lindsey, Robin, 1991. "A temporal and spatial equilibrium analysis of commuter parking," Journal of Public Economics, Elsevier, vol. 45(3), pages 301-335, August.
    8. Zhang, Fangni & Lindsey, Robin & Yang, Hai, 2016. "The Downs–Thomson paradox with imperfect mode substitutes and alternative transit administration regimes," Transportation Research Part B: Methodological, Elsevier, vol. 86(C), pages 104-127.
    9. Huang, Hai-Jun & Tian, Qiong & Yang, Hai & Gao, Zi-You, 2007. "Modal split and commuting pattern on a bottleneck-constrained highway," Transportation Research Part E: Logistics and Transportation Review, Elsevier, vol. 43(5), pages 578-590, September.
    10. de Palma, André & Kilani, Moez & Proost, Stef, 2015. "Discomfort in mass transit and its implication for scheduling and pricing," Transportation Research Part B: Methodological, Elsevier, vol. 71(C), pages 1-18.
    11. Arnott, Richard & de Palma, Andre & Lindsey, Robin, 1993. "A Structural Model of Peak-Period Congestion: A Traffic Bottleneck with Elastic Demand," American Economic Review, American Economic Association, vol. 83(1), pages 161-179, March.
    12. Yang, Hai & Tang, Yili, 2018. "Managing rail transit peak-hour congestion with a fare-reward scheme," Transportation Research Part B: Methodological, Elsevier, vol. 110(C), pages 122-136.
    13. Glazer, Amihai & Niskanen, Esko, 1992. "Parking fees and congestion," Regional Science and Urban Economics, Elsevier, vol. 22(1), pages 123-132, March.
    14. Qian, Zhen (Sean) & Rajagopal, Ram, 2014. "Optimal occupancy-driven parking pricing under demand uncertainties and traveler heterogeneity: A stochastic control approach," Transportation Research Part B: Methodological, Elsevier, vol. 67(C), pages 144-165.
    15. Zhang, Xiaoning & Yang, Hai & Huang, Hai-Jun, 2011. "Improving travel efficiency by parking permits distribution and trading," Transportation Research Part B: Methodological, Elsevier, vol. 45(7), pages 1018-1034, August.
    16. LingLing Xiao & Ronghui Liu & HaiJun Huang, 2014. "Congestion Behavior under Uncertainty on Morning Commute with Preferred Arrival Time Interval," Discrete Dynamics in Nature and Society, Hindawi, vol. 2014, pages 1-9, February.
    17. Lam, William H.K. & Li, Zhi-Chun & Huang, Hai-Jun & Wong, S.C., 2006. "Modeling time-dependent travel choice problems in road networks with multiple user classes and multiple parking facilities," Transportation Research Part B: Methodological, Elsevier, vol. 40(5), pages 368-395, June.
    18. Vickrey, William S, 1969. "Congestion Theory and Transport Investment," American Economic Review, American Economic Association, vol. 59(2), pages 251-260, May.
    19. Wen-Xiang Wu & Hai-Jun Huang, 2014. "Equilibrium and Modal Split in a Competitive Highway/Transit System Under Different Road-use Pricing Strategies," Journal of Transport Economics and Policy, University of Bath, vol. 48(1), pages 153-169, January.
    20. Sergio Jara-Díaz & Antonio Gschwender, 2003. "Towards a general microeconomic model for the operation of public transport," Transport Reviews, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 23(4), pages 453-469, July.
    21. Tabuchi Takatoshi, 1993. "Bottleneck Congestion and Modal Split," Journal of Urban Economics, Elsevier, vol. 34(3), pages 414-431, November.
    22. Verhoef, Erik & Nijkamp, Peter & Rietveld, Piet, 1995. "The economics of regulatory parking policies: The (IM)possibilities of parking policies in traffic regulation," Transportation Research Part A: Policy and Practice, Elsevier, vol. 29(2), pages 141-156, March.
    23. Yang, Hai, 1998. "Multiple equilibrium behaviors and advanced traveler information systems with endogenous market penetration," Transportation Research Part B: Methodological, Elsevier, vol. 32(3), pages 205-218, April.
    24. Qian, Zhen (Sean) & Xiao, Feng (Evan) & Zhang, H.M., 2011. "The economics of parking provision for the morning commute," Transportation Research Part A: Policy and Practice, Elsevier, vol. 45(9), pages 861-879, November.
    25. He, Fang & Yin, Yafeng & Chen, Zhibin & Zhou, Jing, 2015. "Pricing of parking games with atomic players," Transportation Research Part B: Methodological, Elsevier, vol. 73(C), pages 1-12.
    26. Zhang, Xiaoning & Huang, Hai-Jun & Zhang, H.M., 2008. "Integrated daily commuting patterns and optimal road tolls and parking fees in a linear city," Transportation Research Part B: Methodological, Elsevier, vol. 42(1), pages 38-56, January.
    27. Kraus, Marvin & Yoshida, Yuichiro, 2002. "The Commuter's Time-of-Use Decision and Optimal Pricing and Service in Urban Mass Transit," Journal of Urban Economics, Elsevier, vol. 51(1), pages 170-195, January.
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Citations

    Citations are extracted by the CitEc Project, subscribe to its RSS feed for this item.
    as


    Cited by:

    1. Wu, Jiyan & Tian, Ye & Sun, Jian & Michael Zhang, H. & Wang, Yunpeng, 2023. "Public or private? Optimal organization for incentive-based travel demand management," Transportation Research Part E: Logistics and Transportation Review, Elsevier, vol. 174(C).
    2. Xiao, Haohan & Xu, Meng & Yang, Hai, 2020. "Pricing strategies for shared parking management with double auction approach: Differential price vs. uniform price," Transportation Research Part E: Logistics and Transportation Review, Elsevier, vol. 136(C).
    3. Zhang, Xiang & Liu, Wei & Levin, Michael & Travis Waller, S., 2023. "Equilibrium analysis of morning commuting and parking under spatial capacity allocation in the autonomous vehicle environment," Transportation Research Part E: Logistics and Transportation Review, Elsevier, vol. 172(C).
    4. Feng, Jianghong & Xu, Su Xiu & Xu, Gangyan & Cheng, Huibing, 2022. "An integrated decision-making method for locating parking centers of recyclable waste transportation vehicles," Transportation Research Part E: Logistics and Transportation Review, Elsevier, vol. 157(C).
    5. Sun, Xiaojie & Tang, Wansheng & Zhang, Jianxiong & Chen, Jing, 2021. "The impact of quantity-based cost decline on supplier encroachment," Transportation Research Part E: Logistics and Transportation Review, Elsevier, vol. 147(C).
    6. Sayarshad, Hamid R. & Sattar, Shahram & Oliver Gao, H., 2020. "A scalable non-myopic atomic game for a smart parking mechanism," Transportation Research Part E: Logistics and Transportation Review, Elsevier, vol. 140(C).
    7. Li, Xin & Luo, Yue & Wang, Tianqi & Jia, Peng & Kuang, Haibo, 2020. "An integrated approach for optimizing bi-modal transit networks fed by shared bikes," Transportation Research Part E: Logistics and Transportation Review, Elsevier, vol. 141(C).
    8. Tang, Zhe-Yi & Tian, Li-Jun & Wang, David Z.W., 2021. "Multi-modal morning commute with endogenous shared autonomous vehicle penetration considering parking space constraint," Transportation Research Part E: Logistics and Transportation Review, Elsevier, vol. 151(C).

    Most related items

    These are the items that most often cite the same works as this one and are cited by the same works as this one.
    1. Li, Zhi-Chun & Huang, Hai-Jun & Yang, Hai, 2020. "Fifty years of the bottleneck model: A bibliometric review and future research directions," Transportation Research Part B: Methodological, Elsevier, vol. 139(C), pages 311-342.
    2. Wang, Wei (Walker) & Wang, David Z.W. & Zhang, Fangni & Sun, Huijun & Zhang, Wenyi & Wu, Jianjun, 2017. "Overcoming the Downs-Thomson Paradox by transit subsidy policies," Transportation Research Part A: Policy and Practice, Elsevier, vol. 95(C), pages 126-147.
    3. Wei Wu & Wei Liu & Fangni Zhang & Vinayak Dixit, 2021. "A New Flexible Parking Reservation Scheme for the Morning Commute under Limited Parking Supplies," Networks and Spatial Economics, Springer, vol. 21(3), pages 513-545, September.
    4. Qian, Zhen (Sean) & Rajagopal, Ram, 2014. "Optimal occupancy-driven parking pricing under demand uncertainties and traveler heterogeneity: A stochastic control approach," Transportation Research Part B: Methodological, Elsevier, vol. 67(C), pages 144-165.
    5. Liu, Wei & Geroliminis, Nikolas, 2016. "Modeling the morning commute for urban networks with cruising-for-parking: An MFD approach," Transportation Research Part B: Methodological, Elsevier, vol. 93(PA), pages 470-494.
    6. Yang, Hai & Liu, Wei & Wang, Xiaolei & Zhang, Xiaoning, 2013. "On the morning commute problem with bottleneck congestion and parking space constraints," Transportation Research Part B: Methodological, Elsevier, vol. 58(C), pages 106-118.
    7. Hörcher, Daniel & Tirachini, Alejandro, 2021. "A review of public transport economics," Economics of Transportation, Elsevier, vol. 25(C).
    8. Liu, Peng & Liu, Jielun & Ong, Ghim Ping & Tian, Qiong, 2020. "Flow pattern and optimal capacity in a bi-modal traffic corridor with heterogeneous users," Transportation Research Part E: Logistics and Transportation Review, Elsevier, vol. 133(C).
    9. Takayama, Yuki & Kuwahara, Masao, 2016. "Scheduling preferences, parking competition, and bottleneck congestion: A model of trip timing and parking location choices by heterogeneous commuters," MPRA Paper 68938, University Library of Munich, Germany.
    10. Wang, Pengfei & Guan, Hongzhi & Liu, Peng, 2020. "Modeling and solving the optimal allocation-pricing of public parking resources problem in urban-scale network," Transportation Research Part B: Methodological, Elsevier, vol. 137(C), pages 74-98.
    11. Gu, Ziyuan & Li, Yifan & Saberi, Meead & Rashidi, Taha H. & Liu, Zhiyuan, 2023. "Macroscopic parking dynamics and equitable pricing: Integrating trip-based modeling with simulation-based robust optimization," Transportation Research Part B: Methodological, Elsevier, vol. 173(C), pages 354-381.
    12. Zhang, Xiang & Liu, Wei & Waller, S. Travis & Yin, Yafeng, 2019. "Modelling and managing the integrated morning-evening commuting and parking patterns under the fully autonomous vehicle environment," Transportation Research Part B: Methodological, Elsevier, vol. 128(C), pages 380-407.
    13. Li, Zhi-Chun & Zhang, Liping, 2020. "The two-mode problem with bottleneck queuing and transit crowding: How should congestion be priced using tolls and fares?," Transportation Research Part B: Methodological, Elsevier, vol. 138(C), pages 46-76.
    14. Xiao, Ling-Ling & Liu, Tian-Liang & Huang, Hai-Jun, 2016. "On the morning commute problem with carpooling behavior under parking space constraint," Transportation Research Part B: Methodological, Elsevier, vol. 91(C), pages 383-407.
    15. Lu, Xiao-Shan & Guo, Ren-Yong & Huang, Hai-Jun & Xu, Xiaoming & Chen, Jiajia, 2021. "Equilibrium analysis of parking for integrated daily commuting," Research in Transportation Economics, Elsevier, vol. 90(C).
    16. Basso, Leonardo J. & Feres, Fernando & Silva, Hugo E., 2019. "The efficiency of bus rapid transit (BRT) systems: A dynamic congestion approach," Transportation Research Part B: Methodological, Elsevier, vol. 127(C), pages 47-71.
    17. Lu, Xiao-Shan & Huang, Hai-Jun & Guo, Ren-Yong & Xiong, Fen, 2021. "Linear location-dependent parking fees and integrated daily commuting patterns with late arrival and early departure in a linear city," Transportation Research Part B: Methodological, Elsevier, vol. 150(C), pages 293-322.
    18. Liu, Wei & Zhang, Fangni & Yang, Hai, 2017. "Modeling and managing morning commute with both household and individual travels," Transportation Research Part B: Methodological, Elsevier, vol. 103(C), pages 227-247.
    19. Gu, Ziyuan & Safarighouzhdi, Farshid & Saberi, Meead & Rashidi, Taha H., 2021. "A macro-micro approach to modeling parking," Transportation Research Part B: Methodological, Elsevier, vol. 147(C), pages 220-244.
    20. Inci, Eren, 2015. "A review of the economics of parking," Economics of Transportation, Elsevier, vol. 4(1), pages 50-63.

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:eee:transe:v:130:y:2019:i:c:p:207-229. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    If CitEc recognized a bibliographic reference but did not link an item in RePEc to it, you can help with this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: Catherine Liu (email available below). General contact details of provider: http://www.elsevier.com/wps/find/journaldescription.cws_home/600244/description#description .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.