IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/a/eee/rensus/v88y2018icp239-257.html
   My bibliography  Save this article

Techno-economic assessment of the sustainability of an integrated biorefinery from microalgae and Jatropha: A review and case study

Author

Listed:
  • Giwa, Adewale
  • Adeyemi, Idowu
  • Dindi, Abdallah
  • Lopez, Celia García-Baños
  • Lopresto, Catia Giovanna
  • Curcio, Stefano
  • Chakraborty, Sudip

Abstract

In this paper, a detailed review on the recent advances in the production of biofuels and biochemicals from microalgae and Jatropha is presented. This review includes critical elements of the sustainability of microalgae and Jatropha biorefineries such as technical analysis, socioeconomic considerations, and environmental impact assessments that are reported in recent studies. The integration of microalgae and Jatropha as viable feedstock for the production of biofuels and biochemicals which may serve as sustainable alternatives to fossils fuels and petrochemicals is also modeled using SuperPro designer. A technoeconomic assessment of the integrated biorefinery is carried out. United Arab Emirates (UAE) is considered as a geographical reference for the technoeconomic assessment. Three scenarios are examined. All scenarios involve the production of biodiesel and glycerol. In addition to these two products, the production of animal feed, organic fertilizer and biogas is considered in scenario 1. In scenario 2, the biorefinery products include bioethanol, organic fertilizer and biogas. Scenario 3 involves the production of hydrogen and animal feed. Scenario 1 is the base case, with which other scenarios are compared. Scenario 1 is profitable but scenarios 2 and 3 are not profitable. In addition, emissions from scenario 2 make it less attractive when it is compared to other scenarios. The integrated biorefinery with microalgae and Jatropha as feedstock is technically feasible and economically profitable in scenario 1, as modeled.

Suggested Citation

  • Giwa, Adewale & Adeyemi, Idowu & Dindi, Abdallah & Lopez, Celia García-Baños & Lopresto, Catia Giovanna & Curcio, Stefano & Chakraborty, Sudip, 2018. "Techno-economic assessment of the sustainability of an integrated biorefinery from microalgae and Jatropha: A review and case study," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 88(C), pages 239-257.
    • Handle: RePEc:eee:rensus:v:88:y:2018:i:c:p:239-257
    DOI: 10.1016/j.rser.2018.02.032
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1364032118300649
    Download Restriction: Full text for ScienceDirect subscribers only
    File URL: https://libkey.io/10.1016/j.rser.2018.02.032?utm_source=ideas
    LibKey link: if access is restricted and if your library uses this service, LibKey will redirect you to where you can use your library subscription to access this item
    ---><---

    As the access to this document is restricted, you may want to search for a different version of it.

    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Islam, M.D. & Kubo, I. & Ohadi, M. & Alili, A.A., 2009. "Measurement of solar energy radiation in Abu Dhabi, UAE," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 86(4), pages 511-515, April.
    2. Ciscar, Juan-Carlos & Feyen, Luc & Soria, Antonio & Lavalle, Carlo & Raes, Frank & Perry, Miles & Nemry, Françoise & Demirel, Hande & Rozsai, Máté & Dosio, Alessandro & Donatelli, Marcello & Srivastav, 2014. "Climate Impacts in Europe - The JRC PESETA II Project," MPRA Paper 55725, University Library of Munich, Germany.
    3. Singh, R.N. & Vyas, D.K. & Srivastava, N.S.L. & Narra, Madhuri, 2008. "SPRERI experience on holistic approach to utilize all parts of Jatropha curcas fruit for energy," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 33(8), pages 1868-1873.
    4. Ehimen, E.A. & Sun, Z.F. & Carrington, C.G. & Birch, E.J. & Eaton-Rye, J.J., 2011. "Anaerobic digestion of microalgae residues resulting from the biodiesel production process," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 88(10), pages 3454-3463.
    5. Feltrin, Andrea & Freundlich, Alex, 2008. "Material considerations for terawatt level deployment of photovoltaics," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 33(2), pages 180-185.
    6. Singh, Anoop & Olsen, Stig Irving, 2011. "A critical review of biochemical conversion, sustainability and life cycle assessment of algal biofuels," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 88(10), pages 3548-3555.
    7. Ghimire, Anish & Frunzo, Luigi & Pirozzi, Francesco & Trably, Eric & Escudie, Renaud & Lens, Piet N.L. & Esposito, Giovanni, 2015. "A review on dark fermentative biohydrogen production from organic biomass: Process parameters and use of by-products," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 144(C), pages 73-95.
    8. Brennan, Liam & Owende, Philip, 2010. "Biofuels from microalgae--A review of technologies for production, processing, and extractions of biofuels and co-products," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 14(2), pages 557-577, February.
    9. Bharathiraja, B. & Chakravarthy, M. & Kumar, R. Ranjith & Yuvaraj, D. & Jayamuthunagai, J. & Kumar, R. Praveen & Palani, S., 2014. "Biodiesel production using chemical and biological methods – A review of process, catalyst, acyl acceptor, source and process variables," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 38(C), pages 368-382.
    10. Richard S.J. Tol, 2023. "Climate Economics," Books, Edward Elgar Publishing, number 21182.
    11. Bwapwa, Joseph K. & Anandraj, Akash & Trois, Cristina, 2017. "Possibilities for conversion of microalgae oil into aviation fuel: A review," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 80(C), pages 1345-1354.
    12. Bayrakci, Asiye Gül & Koçar, Günnur, 2014. "Second-generation bioethanol production from water hyacinth and duckweed in Izmir: A case study," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 30(C), pages 306-316.
    13. Hall, Charles A.S. & Lambert, Jessica G. & Balogh, Stephen B., 2014. "EROI of different fuels and the implications for society," Energy Policy, Elsevier, vol. 64(C), pages 141-152.
    14. Wang, Wei-Cheng, 2016. "Techno-economic analysis of a bio-refinery process for producing Hydro-processed Renewable Jet fuel from Jatropha," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 95(C), pages 63-73.
    15. Kumar Biswas, Pradip & Pohit, Sanjib & Kumar, Rajesh, 2010. "Biodiesel from jatropha: Can India meet the 20% blending target?," Energy Policy, Elsevier, vol. 38(3), pages 1477-1484, March.
    16. Fisher, A. C & Le, P. V, 2014. "Climate Policy: Science, Economics, and Extremes," Department of Agricultural & Resource Economics, UC Berkeley, Working Paper Series qt6tj3j4jb, Department of Agricultural & Resource Economics, UC Berkeley.
    17. Anthony C. Fisher & Phu V. Le, 2014. "Climate Policy: Science, Economics, and Extremes," Review of Environmental Economics and Policy, Association of Environmental and Resource Economists, vol. 8(2), pages 307-327.
    18. Naik, S.N. & Goud, Vaibhav V. & Rout, Prasant K. & Dalai, Ajay K., 2010. "Production of first and second generation biofuels: A comprehensive review," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 14(2), pages 578-597, February.
    19. Thangaraja, J. & Anand, K. & Mehta, Pramod S., 2016. "Biodiesel NOx penalty and control measures - a review," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 61(C), pages 1-24.
    20. Raheem, Abdul & Wan Azlina, W.A.K.G. & Taufiq Yap, Y.H. & Danquah, Michael K. & Harun, Razif, 2015. "Thermochemical conversion of microalgal biomass for biofuel production," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 49(C), pages 990-999.
    21. Tan, H.W. & Abdul Aziz, A.R. & Aroua, M.K., 2013. "Glycerol production and its applications as a raw material: A review," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 27(C), pages 118-127.
    22. Robert Schmidt & Roland Strausz, 2015. "On the Timing of Climate Agreements," Environmental & Resource Economics, Springer;European Association of Environmental and Resource Economists, vol. 62(3), pages 521-547, November.
    23. Ramos Tercero, Elia Armandina & Sforza, Eleonora & Bertucco, Alberto, 2013. "Energy profitability analysis for microalgal biocrude production," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 60(C), pages 373-379.
    24. Tang, Haiying & Abunasser, Nadia & Garcia, M.E.D. & Chen, Meng & Simon Ng, K.Y. & Salley, Steven O., 2011. "Potential of microalgae oil from Dunaliella tertiolecta as a feedstock for biodiesel," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 88(10), pages 3324-3330.
    25. Rawat, I. & Ranjith Kumar, R. & Mutanda, T. & Bux, F., 2013. "Biodiesel from microalgae: A critical evaluation from laboratory to large scale production," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 103(C), pages 444-467.
    26. Kandaramath Hari, Thushara & Yaakob, Zahira & Binitha, Narayanan N., 2015. "Aviation biofuel from renewable resources: Routes, opportunities and challenges," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 42(C), pages 1234-1244.
    27. Aziz, Muhammad & Oda, Takuya & Kashiwagi, Takao, 2013. "Enhanced high energy efficient steam drying of algae," Applied Energy, Elsevier, vol. 109(C), pages 163-170.
    28. Zhu, Liandong, 2015. "Biorefinery as a promising approach to promote microalgae industry: An innovative framework," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 41(C), pages 1376-1384.
    29. Singh, S.P. & Singh, Dipti, 2010. "Biodiesel production through the use of different sources and characterization of oils and their esters as the substitute of diesel: A review," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 14(1), pages 200-216, January.
    30. Meher, L.C. & Vidya Sagar, D. & Naik, S.N., 2006. "Technical aspects of biodiesel production by transesterification--a review," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 10(3), pages 248-268, June.
    31. Go, Alchris Woo & Sutanto, Sylviana & Zullaikah, Siti & Ismadji, Suryadi & Ju, Yi-Hsu, 2016. "A new approach in maximizing and direct utilization of whole Jatropha curcas L. kernels in biodiesel production – Technological improvement," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 85(C), pages 759-765.
    32. Azwar, M.Y. & Hussain, M.A. & Abdul-Wahab, A.K., 2014. "Development of biohydrogen production by photobiological, fermentation and electrochemical processes: A review," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 31(C), pages 158-173.
    33. Giwa, Adewale & Akther, Nawshad & Housani, Amna Al & Haris, Sabeera & Hasan, Shadi Wajih, 2016. "Recent advances in humidification dehumidification (HDH) desalination processes: Improved designs and productivity," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 57(C), pages 929-944.
    34. Navarro-Pineda, Freddy S. & Baz-Rodríguez, Sergio A. & Handler, Robert & Sacramento-Rivero, Julio C., 2016. "Advances on the processing of Jatropha curcas towards a whole-crop biorefinery," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 54(C), pages 247-269.
    35. Aziz, Muhammad & Oda, Takuya & Kashiwagi, Takao, 2014. "Integration of energy-efficient drying in microalgae utilization based on enhanced process integration," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 70(C), pages 307-316.
    36. Trivedi, Jayati & Aila, Mounika & Bangwal, D.P. & Kaul, Savita & Garg, M.O., 2015. "Algae based biorefinery—How to make sense?," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 47(C), pages 295-307.
    37. Mofijur, M. & Masjuki, H.H. & Kalam, M.A. & Hazrat, M.A. & Liaquat, A.M. & Shahabuddin, M. & Varman, M., 2012. "Prospects of biodiesel from Jatropha in Malaysia," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 16(7), pages 5007-5020.
    38. Moniruzzaman, M. & Yaakob, Zahira & Khatun, Rahima, 2016. "Biotechnology for Jatropha improvement: A worthy exploration," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 54(C), pages 1262-1277.
    39. Mao, Chunlan & Feng, Yongzhong & Wang, Xiaojiao & Ren, Guangxin, 2015. "Review on research achievements of biogas from anaerobic digestion," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 45(C), pages 540-555.
    40. Shahir, V.K. & Jawahar, C.P. & Suresh, P.R., 2015. "Comparative study of diesel and biodiesel on CI engine with emphasis to emissions—A review," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 45(C), pages 686-697.
    41. van Eijck, Janske & Romijn, Henny, 2008. "Prospects for Jatropha biofuels in Tanzania: An analysis with Strategic Niche Management," Energy Policy, Elsevier, vol. 36(1), pages 311-325, January.
    42. Meher, L.C. & Churamani, C.P. & Arif, Md. & Ahmed, Z. & Naik, S.N., 2013. "Jatropha curcas as a renewable source for bio-fuels—A review," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 26(C), pages 397-407.
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Citations

    Citations are extracted by the CitEc Project, subscribe to its RSS feed for this item.
    as


    Cited by:

    1. Adewale Giwa & Farah Abuhantash & Bushra Chalermthai & Hanifa Taher, 2022. "Bio-Based Circular Economy and Polygeneration in Microalgal Production from Food Wastes: A Concise Review," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 14(17), pages 1-20, August.
    2. Baral, Nawa Raj & Neupane, Pratikshya & Ale, Bhakta Bahadur & Quiroz-Arita, Carlos & Manandhar, Shishir & Bradley, Thomas H., 2020. "Stochastic economic and environmental footprints of biodiesel production from Jatropha curcas Linnaeus in the different federal states of Nepal," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 120(C).
    3. Chen, Jiaxin & Li, Ji & Dong, Wenyi & Zhang, Xiaolei & Tyagi, Rajeshwar D. & Drogui, Patrick & Surampalli, Rao Y., 2018. "The potential of microalgae in biodiesel production," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 90(C), pages 336-346.
    4. Laura Vélez-Landa & Héctor Ricardo Hernández-De León & Yolanda Del Carmen Pérez-Luna & Sabino Velázquez-Trujillo & Joel Moreira-Acosta & Roberto Berrones-Hernández & Yazmin Sánchez-Roque, 2021. "Influence of Light Intensity and Photoperiod on the Photoautotrophic Growth and Lipid Content of the Microalgae Verrucodesmus verrucosus in a Photobioreactor," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(12), pages 1-11, June.
    5. Najafi, Fatemeh & Sedaghat, Ahmad & Mostafaeipour, Ali & Issakhov, Alibek, 2021. "Location assessment for producing biodiesel fuel from Jatropha Curcas in Iran," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 236(C).
    6. Severo, Ihana Aguiar & Siqueira, Stefania Fortes & Deprá, Mariany Costa & Maroneze, Mariana Manzoni & Zepka, Leila Queiroz & Jacob-Lopes, Eduardo, 2019. "Biodiesel facilities: What can we address to make biorefineries commercially competitive?," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 112(C), pages 686-705.
    7. Ewunie, Gebresilassie Asnake & Morken, John & Lekang, Odd Ivar & Yigezu, Zerihun Demrew, 2021. "Factors affecting the potential of Jatropha curcas for sustainable biodiesel production: A critical review," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 137(C).
    8. Shehu, Basiru Gwandu & Clarke, Michèle L., 2020. "Successful and sustainable crop based biodiesel programme in Nigeria through ecological optimisation and intersectoral policy realignment," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 134(C).
    9. Barampouti, E.M. & Mai, S. & Malamis, D. & Moustakas, K. & Loizidou, M., 2019. "Liquid biofuels from the organic fraction of municipal solid waste: A review," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 110(C), pages 298-314.
    10. Ferreira, G.F. & Ríos Pinto, L.F. & Maciel Filho, R. & Fregolente, L.V., 2019. "A review on lipid production from microalgae: Association between cultivation using waste streams and fatty acid profiles," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 109(C), pages 448-466.
    11. Chiu-Mei Kuo & Yu-Ling Sun & Cheng-Han Lin & Chao-Hsu Lin & Hsi-Tien Wu & Chih-Sheng Lin, 2021. "Cultivation and Biorefinery of Microalgae ( Chlorella sp.) for Producing Biofuels and Other Byproducts: A Review," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(23), pages 1-30, December.
    12. Zhang, Long & Bai, Wuliyasu, 2021. "Sustainability of crop–based biodiesel for transportation in China: Barrier analysis and life cycle ecological footprint calculations," Technological Forecasting and Social Change, Elsevier, vol. 164(C).
    13. Patel, Sanjay K.S. & Das, Devashish & Kim, Sun Chang & Cho, Byung-Kwan & Kalia, Vipin Chandra & Lee, Jung-Kul, 2021. "Integrating strategies for sustainable conversion of waste biomass into dark-fermentative hydrogen and value-added products," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 150(C).
    14. Celine Marie A. Solis & Jayne Lois G. San Juan & Andres Philip Mayol & Charlle L. Sy & Aristotle T. Ubando & Alvin B. Culaba, 2021. "A Multi-Objective Life Cycle Optimization Model of an Integrated Algal Biorefinery toward a Sustainable Circular Bioeconomy Considering Resource Recirculation," Energies, MDPI, vol. 14(5), pages 1-22, March.

    Most related items

    These are the items that most often cite the same works as this one and are cited by the same works as this one.
    1. Cuevas-Castillo, Gabriela A. & Navarro-Pineda, Freddy S. & Baz Rodríguez, Sergio A. & Sacramento Rivero, Julio C., 2020. "Advances on the processing of microalgal biomass for energy-driven biorefineries," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 125(C).
    2. Tamilselvan, P. & Nallusamy, N. & Rajkumar, S., 2017. "A comprehensive review on performance, combustion and emission characteristics of biodiesel fuelled diesel engines," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 79(C), pages 1134-1159.
    3. Marwa G. Saad & Noura S. Dosoky & Mohamed S. Zoromba & Hesham M. Shafik, 2019. "Algal Biofuels: Current Status and Key Challenges," Energies, MDPI, vol. 12(10), pages 1-22, May.
    4. Singh, Bhaskar & Guldhe, Abhishek & Rawat, Ismail & Bux, Faizal, 2014. "Towards a sustainable approach for development of biodiesel from plant and microalgae," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 29(C), pages 216-245.
    5. Alherbawi, Mohammad & McKay, Gordon & Mackey, Hamish R. & Al-Ansari, Tareq, 2021. "Jatropha curcas for jet biofuel production: Current status and future prospects," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 135(C).
    6. Yousefi-Sahzabi, Amin & Unlu-Yucesoy, Eda & Sasaki, Kyuro & Yuosefi, Hossein & Widiatmojo, Arif & Sugai, Yuichi, 2017. "Turkish challenges for low-carbon society: Current status, government policies and social acceptance," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 68(P1), pages 596-608.
    7. Goh, Brandon Han Hoe & Ong, Hwai Chyuan & Cheah, Mei Yee & Chen, Wei-Hsin & Yu, Kai Ling & Mahlia, Teuku Meurah Indra, 2019. "Sustainability of direct biodiesel synthesis from microalgae biomass: A critical review," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 107(C), pages 59-74.
    8. Severo, Ihana Aguiar & Siqueira, Stefania Fortes & Deprá, Mariany Costa & Maroneze, Mariana Manzoni & Zepka, Leila Queiroz & Jacob-Lopes, Eduardo, 2019. "Biodiesel facilities: What can we address to make biorefineries commercially competitive?," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 112(C), pages 686-705.
    9. Silitonga, A.S. & Masjuki, H.H. & Mahlia, T.M.I. & Ong, H.C. & Atabani, A.E. & Chong, W.T., 2013. "A global comparative review of biodiesel production from jatropha curcas using different homogeneous acid and alkaline catalysts: Study of physical and chemical properties," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 24(C), pages 514-533.
    10. Merrylin Jayaseelan & Mohamed Usman & Adishkumar Somanathan & Sivashanmugam Palani & Gunasekaran Muniappan & Rajesh Banu Jeyakumar, 2021. "Microalgal Production of Biofuels Integrated with Wastewater Treatment," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(16), pages 1-13, August.
    11. Moniruzzaman, M. & Yaakob, Zahira & Khatun, Rahima, 2016. "Biotechnology for Jatropha improvement: A worthy exploration," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 54(C), pages 1262-1277.
    12. Joshi, Girdhar & Pandey, Jitendra K. & Rana, Sravendra & Rawat, Devendra S., 2017. "Challenges and opportunities for the application of biofuel," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 79(C), pages 850-866.
    13. Tanmay Chaturvedi & Ana I. Torres & George Stephanopoulos & Mette Hedegaard Thomsen & Jens Ejbye Schmidt, 2020. "Developing Process Designs for Biorefineries—Definitions, Categories, and Unit Operations," Energies, MDPI, vol. 13(6), pages 1-22, March.
    14. Zhu, Liandong & Nugroho, Y.K. & Shakeel, S.R. & Li, Zhaohua & Martinkauppi, B. & Hiltunen, E., 2017. "Using microalgae to produce liquid transportation biodiesel: What is next?," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 78(C), pages 391-400.
    15. Habibullah, M. & Masjuki, H.H. & Kalam, M.A. & Rahman, S.M. Ashrafur & Mofijur, M. & Mobarak, H.M. & Ashraful, A.M., 2015. "Potential of biodiesel as a renewable energy source in Bangladesh," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 50(C), pages 819-834.
    16. Sharma, Yogesh Chandra & Singh, Veena, 2017. "Microalgal biodiesel: A possible solution for India’s energy security," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 67(C), pages 72-88.
    17. Ang, Chye Peng & Toper, Bruce & Gambhir, Ajay, 2016. "Financial impacts of UK's energy and climate change policies on commercial and industrial businesses," Energy Policy, Elsevier, vol. 91(C), pages 273-286.
    18. Lim, Jackson Hwa Keen & Gan, Yong Yang & Ong, Hwai Chyuan & Lau, Beng Fye & Chen, Wei-Hsin & Chong, Cheng Tung & Ling, Tau Chuan & Klemeš, Jiří Jaromír, 2021. "Utilization of microalgae for bio-jet fuel production in the aviation sector: Challenges and perspective," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 149(C).
    19. Kim, Tae-Hyoung & Lee, Kyungho & Oh, Baek-Rock & Lee, Mi-Eun & Seo, Minji & Li, Sheng & Kim, Jae-Kon & Choi, Minkee & Chang, Yong Keun, 2021. "A novel process for the coproduction of biojet fuel and high-value polyunsaturated fatty acid esters from heterotrophic microalgae Schizochytrium sp. ABC101," Renewable Energy, Elsevier, vol. 165(P1), pages 481-490.
    20. Ennaceri, Houda & Fischer, Kristina & Schulze, Agnes & Moheimani, Navid Reza, 2022. "Membrane fouling control for sustainable microalgal biodiesel production: A review," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 161(C).

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:eee:rensus:v:88:y:2018:i:c:p:239-257. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    If CitEc recognized a bibliographic reference but did not link an item in RePEc to it, you can help with this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: Catherine Liu (email available below). General contact details of provider: http://www.elsevier.com/wps/find/journaldescription.cws_home/600126/description#description .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.