IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/a/eee/ejores/v274y2019i3p807-823.html
   My bibliography  Save this article

The role of operational research in green freight transportation

Author

Listed:
  • Bektaş, Tolga
  • Ehmke, Jan Fabian
  • Psaraftis, Harilaos N.
  • Puchinger, Jakob

Abstract

Recent years have witnessed an increased awareness of the negative external impacts of freight transportation. The field of Operational Research (OR) has, particularly in the recent years, continued to contribute to alleviating the negative impacts through the use of various optimization models and solution techniques. This paper presents the basic principles behind and an overview of the existing body of recent research on ‘greening’ freight transportation using OR-based planning techniques. The particular focus is on studies that have been described for two heavily used modes for transporting freight across the globe, namely road (including urban and electric vehicles) and maritime transportation, although other modes are also briefly discussed.

Suggested Citation

  • Bektaş, Tolga & Ehmke, Jan Fabian & Psaraftis, Harilaos N. & Puchinger, Jakob, 2019. "The role of operational research in green freight transportation," European Journal of Operational Research, Elsevier, vol. 274(3), pages 807-823.
  • Handle: RePEc:eee:ejores:v:274:y:2019:i:3:p:807-823
    DOI: 10.1016/j.ejor.2018.06.001
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0377221718305241
    Download Restriction: Full text for ScienceDirect subscribers only

    File URL: https://libkey.io/10.1016/j.ejor.2018.06.001?utm_source=ideas
    LibKey link: if access is restricted and if your library uses this service, LibKey will redirect you to where you can use your library subscription to access this item
    ---><---

    As the access to this document is restricted, you may want to search for a different version of it.

    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Ehmke, Jan Fabian & Campbell, Ann Melissa & Thomas, Barrett W., 2016. "Vehicle routing to minimize time-dependent emissions in urban areas," European Journal of Operational Research, Elsevier, vol. 251(2), pages 478-494.
    2. Thalis Zis & Robin Jacob North & Panagiotis Angeloudis & Washington Yotto Ochieng & Michael Geoffrey Harrison Bell, 2014. "Evaluation of cold ironing and speed reduction policies to reduce ship emissions near and at ports," Maritime Economics & Logistics, Palgrave Macmillan;International Association of Maritime Economists (IAME), vol. 16(4), pages 371-398, December.
    3. Ubeda, S. & Arcelus, F.J. & Faulin, J., 2011. "Green logistics at Eroski: A case study," International Journal of Production Economics, Elsevier, vol. 131(1), pages 44-51, May.
    4. Paulus T. Aditjandra & Thomas H. Zunder & Dewan Md Zahurul Islam & Roberto Palacin, 2016. "Green Rail Transportation: Improving Rail Freight to Support Green Corridors," International Series in Operations Research & Management Science, in: Harilaos N. Psaraftis (ed.), Green Transportation Logistics, edition 127, chapter 0, pages 413-454, Springer.
    5. Gilbert Laporte, 2016. "Scheduling issues in vehicle routing," Annals of Operations Research, Springer, vol. 236(2), pages 463-474, January.
    6. Richa Agarwal & Özlem Ergun, 2008. "Ship Scheduling and Network Design for Cargo Routing in Liner Shipping," Transportation Science, INFORMS, vol. 42(2), pages 175-196, May.
    7. M A Krajewska & H Kopfer & G Laporte & S Ropke & G Zaccour, 2008. "Horizontal cooperation among freight carriers: request allocation and profit sharing," Journal of the Operational Research Society, Palgrave Macmillan;The OR Society, vol. 59(11), pages 1483-1491, November.
    8. B. J. Powell & A .N. Perkins, 1997. "Fleet deployment optimization for liner shipping: an integer programming model," Maritime Policy & Management, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 24(2), pages 183-192, January.
    9. Bektas, Tolga & Laporte, Gilbert, 2011. "The Pollution-Routing Problem," Transportation Research Part B: Methodological, Elsevier, vol. 45(8), pages 1232-1250, September.
    10. Herbert Dawid & Karl F. Doerner & Gustav Feichtinger & Peter M. Kort & Andrea Seidl (ed.), 2016. "Dynamic Perspectives on Managerial Decision Making," Dynamic Modeling and Econometrics in Economics and Finance, Springer, number 978-3-319-39120-5, July-Dece.
    11. Lindstad, Haakon & Asbjørnslett, Bjørn E. & Strømman, Anders H., 2011. "Reductions in greenhouse gas emissions and cost by shipping at lower speeds," Energy Policy, Elsevier, vol. 39(6), pages 3456-3464, June.
    12. Antony Evans, 2016. "Emissions and Aviation: Towards Greener Air Transport," International Series in Operations Research & Management Science, in: Harilaos N. Psaraftis (ed.), Green Transportation Logistics, edition 127, chapter 0, pages 455-478, Springer.
    13. Fukasawa, Ricardo & He, Qie & Song, Yongjia, 2016. "A disjunctive convex programming approach to the pollution-routing problem," Transportation Research Part B: Methodological, Elsevier, vol. 94(C), pages 61-79.
    14. Lin, Dung-Ying & Liu, Hui-Yen, 2011. "Combined ship allocation, routing and freight assignment in tramp shipping," Transportation Research Part E: Logistics and Transportation Review, Elsevier, vol. 47(4), pages 414-431, July.
    15. Koç, Çağrı & Bektaş, Tolga & Jabali, Ola & Laporte, Gilbert, 2014. "The fleet size and mix pollution-routing problem," Transportation Research Part B: Methodological, Elsevier, vol. 70(C), pages 239-254.
    16. Gilbert Laporte, 2016. "Scheduling issues in vehicle routing," Annals of Operations Research, Springer, vol. 236(2), pages 463-474, January.
    17. Goeke, D. & Schneider, M., 2015. "Routing a Mixed Fleet of Electric and Conventional Vehicles," Publications of Darmstadt Technical University, Institute for Business Studies (BWL) 65939, Darmstadt Technical University, Department of Business Administration, Economics and Law, Institute for Business Studies (BWL).
    18. Harilaos N. Psaraftis & Christos A. Kontovas, 2015. "Slow Steaming in Maritime Transportation: Fundamentals, Trade-offs, and Decision Models," International Series in Operations Research & Management Science, in: Chung-Yee Lee & Qiang Meng (ed.), Handbook of Ocean Container Transport Logistics, edition 127, chapter 11, pages 315-358, Springer.
    19. Monastyrsky, V. V. & Golownykh, I. M., 1993. "Rapid computation of optimal control for vehicles," Transportation Research Part B: Methodological, Elsevier, vol. 27(3), pages 219-227, June.
    20. Franceschetti, Anna & Honhon, Dorothée & Van Woensel, Tom & Bektaş, Tolga & Laporte, Gilbert, 2013. "The time-dependent pollution-routing problem," Transportation Research Part B: Methodological, Elsevier, vol. 56(C), pages 265-293.
    21. Schiffer, Maximilian & Walther, Grit, 2017. "The electric location routing problem with time windows and partial recharging," European Journal of Operational Research, Elsevier, vol. 260(3), pages 995-1013.
    22. Anastassios N. Perakis & Nikiforos A. Papadakis, 1989. "Minimal Time Vessel Routing in a Time-Dependent Environment," Transportation Science, INFORMS, vol. 23(4), pages 266-276, November.
    23. Du, Yuquan & Chen, Qiushuang & Quan, Xiongwen & Long, Lei & Fung, Richard Y.K., 2011. "Berth allocation considering fuel consumption and vessel emissions," Transportation Research Part E: Logistics and Transportation Review, Elsevier, vol. 47(6), pages 1021-1037.
    24. Erdoğan, Sevgi & Miller-Hooks, Elise, 2012. "A Green Vehicle Routing Problem," Transportation Research Part E: Logistics and Transportation Review, Elsevier, vol. 48(1), pages 100-114.
    25. Demir, Emrah & Bektaş, Tolga & Laporte, Gilbert, 2014. "A review of recent research on green road freight transportation," European Journal of Operational Research, Elsevier, vol. 237(3), pages 775-793.
    26. Kramer, Raphael & Maculan, Nelson & Subramanian, Anand & Vidal, Thibaut, 2015. "A speed and departure time optimization algorithm for the pollution-routing problem," European Journal of Operational Research, Elsevier, vol. 247(3), pages 782-787.
    27. Qian, Jiani & Eglese, Richard, 2016. "Fuel emissions optimization in vehicle routing problems with time-varying speeds," European Journal of Operational Research, Elsevier, vol. 248(3), pages 840-848.
    28. Guy Desaulniers & Fausto Errico & Stefan Irnich & Michael Schneider, 2016. "Exact Algorithms for Electric Vehicle-Routing Problems with Time Windows," Operations Research, INFORMS, vol. 64(6), pages 1388-1405, December.
    29. Wen, Liang & Çatay, Bülent & Eglese, Richard, 2014. "Finding a minimum cost path between a pair of nodes in a time-varying road network with a congestion charge," European Journal of Operational Research, Elsevier, vol. 236(3), pages 915-923.
    30. Abdelkader Sbihi & Richard Eglese, 2010. "Combinatorial optimization and Green Logistics," Annals of Operations Research, Springer, vol. 175(1), pages 159-175, March.
    31. Forkenbrock, David J., 2001. "Comparison of external costs of rail and truck freight transportation," Transportation Research Part A: Policy and Practice, Elsevier, vol. 35(4), pages 321-337, May.
    32. Forkenbrock, David J., 1999. "External costs of intercity truck freight transportation," Transportation Research Part A: Policy and Practice, Elsevier, vol. 33(7-8), pages 505-526.
    33. Juho Andelmin & Enrico Bartolini, 2017. "An Exact Algorithm for the Green Vehicle Routing Problem," Transportation Science, INFORMS, vol. 51(4), pages 1288-1303, November.
    34. Stefanos D. Chatzinikolaou & Nikolaos P. Ventikos, 2016. "Critical Analysis of Air Emissions from Ships: Lifecycle Thinking and Results," International Series in Operations Research & Management Science, in: Harilaos N. Psaraftis (ed.), Green Transportation Logistics, edition 127, chapter 0, pages 387-412, Springer.
    35. Schneider, M. & Stenger, A. & Hof, J., 2015. "An Adaptive VNS Algorithm for Vehicle Routing Problems with Intermediate Stops," Publications of Darmstadt Technical University, Institute for Business Studies (BWL) 63500, Darmstadt Technical University, Department of Business Administration, Economics and Law, Institute for Business Studies (BWL).
    36. Timothy M. Sweda & Irina S. Dolinskaya & Diego Klabjan, 2017. "Optimal Recharging Policies for Electric Vehicles," Transportation Science, INFORMS, vol. 51(2), pages 457-479, May.
    37. J Bauer & T Bektaş & T G Crainic, 2010. "Minimizing greenhouse gas emissions in intermodal freight transport: an application to rail service design," Journal of the Operational Research Society, Palgrave Macmillan;The OR Society, vol. 61(3), pages 530-542, March.
    38. Dekker, Rommert & Bloemhof, Jacqueline & Mallidis, Ioannis, 2012. "Operations Research for green logistics – An overview of aspects, issues, contributions and challenges," European Journal of Operational Research, Elsevier, vol. 219(3), pages 671-679.
    39. Timothy M. Sweda & Irina S. Dolinskaya & Diego Klabjan, 2017. "Adaptive Routing and Recharging Policies for Electric Vehicles," Transportation Science, INFORMS, vol. 51(4), pages 1326-1348, November.
    40. Georg Brandstätter & Claudio Gambella & Markus Leitner & Enrico Malaguti & Filippo Masini & Jakob Puchinger & Mario Ruthmair & Daniele Vigo, 2016. "Overview of Optimization Problems in Electric Car-Sharing System Design and Management," Dynamic Modeling and Econometrics in Economics and Finance, in: Herbert Dawid & Karl F. Doerner & Gustav Feichtinger & Peter M. Kort & Andrea Seidl (ed.), Dynamic Perspectives on Managerial Decision Making, pages 441-471, Springer.
    41. Maximilian Schiffer & Grit Walther, 2018. "An Adaptive Large Neighborhood Search for the Location-routing Problem with Intra-route Facilities," Transportation Science, INFORMS, vol. 52(2), pages 331-352, March.
    42. George Panagakos, 2016. "Green Corridors Basics," International Series in Operations Research & Management Science, in: Harilaos N. Psaraftis (ed.), Green Transportation Logistics, edition 127, chapter 0, pages 81-121, Springer.
    43. K Fagerholt & G Laporte & I Norstad, 2010. "Reducing fuel emissions by optimizing speed on shipping routes," Journal of the Operational Research Society, Palgrave Macmillan;The OR Society, vol. 61(3), pages 523-529, March.
    44. Christiansen, Marielle & Fagerholt, Kjetil & Nygreen, Bjørn & Ronen, David, 2013. "Ship routing and scheduling in the new millennium," European Journal of Operational Research, Elsevier, vol. 228(3), pages 467-483.
    45. Jan Fabian Ehmke, 2012. "Integration of Information and Optimization Models for Routing in City Logistics," International Series in Operations Research and Management Science, Springer, edition 127, number 978-1-4614-3628-7, December.
    46. Jan Fabian Ehmke, 2012. "Routing in City Logistics," International Series in Operations Research & Management Science, in: Integration of Information and Optimization Models for Routing in City Logistics, edition 127, chapter 0, pages 119-156, Springer.
    47. Koç, Çağrı & Bektaş, Tolga & Jabali, Ola & Laporte, Gilbert, 2016. "The impact of depot location, fleet composition and routing on emissions in city logistics," Transportation Research Part B: Methodological, Elsevier, vol. 84(C), pages 81-102.
    48. Hof, Julian & Schneider, Michael & Goeke, Dominik, 2017. "Solving the battery swap station location-routing problem with capacitated electric vehicles using an AVNS algorithm for vehicle-routing problems with intermediate stops," Transportation Research Part B: Methodological, Elsevier, vol. 97(C), pages 102-112.
    49. Barth, Matthew & Younglove, Theodore & Scora, George, 2005. "Development of a Heavy-Duty Diesel Modal Emissions and Fuel Consumption Model," Institute of Transportation Studies, Research Reports, Working Papers, Proceedings qt67f0v3zf, Institute of Transportation Studies, UC Berkeley.
    50. Goodchild, A.V. & Daganzo, C.F., 2007. "Crane double cycling in container ports: Planning methods and evaluation," Transportation Research Part B: Methodological, Elsevier, vol. 41(8), pages 875-891, October.
    51. Demir, Emrah & Bektaş, Tolga & Laporte, Gilbert, 2012. "An adaptive large neighborhood search heuristic for the Pollution-Routing Problem," European Journal of Operational Research, Elsevier, vol. 223(2), pages 346-359.
    52. Demir, Emrah & Bektaş, Tolga & Laporte, Gilbert, 2014. "The bi-objective Pollution-Routing Problem," European Journal of Operational Research, Elsevier, vol. 232(3), pages 464-478.
    53. Goeke, Dominik & Schneider, Michael, 2015. "Routing a mixed fleet of electric and conventional vehicles," European Journal of Operational Research, Elsevier, vol. 245(1), pages 81-99.
    54. Ehsan Jafari & Stephen D. Boyles, 2017. "Multicriteria Stochastic Shortest Path Problem for Electric Vehicles," Networks and Spatial Economics, Springer, vol. 17(3), pages 1043-1070, September.
    55. Michael Schneider & Andreas Stenger & Dominik Goeke, 2014. "The Electric Vehicle-Routing Problem with Time Windows and Recharging Stations," Transportation Science, INFORMS, vol. 48(4), pages 500-520, November.
    56. Kjetil Fagerholt & David Ronen, 2013. "Bulk ship routing and scheduling: solving practical problems may provide better results," Maritime Policy & Management, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 40(1), pages 48-64, January.
    57. Luigi Moccia & Jean‐François Cordeau & Manlio Gaudioso & Gilbert Laporte, 2006. "A branch‐and‐cut algorithm for the quay crane scheduling problem in a container terminal," Naval Research Logistics (NRL), John Wiley & Sons, vol. 53(1), pages 45-59, February.
    58. Tricoire, Fabien & Parragh, Sophie N., 2017. "Investing in logistics facilities today to reduce routing emissions tomorrow," Transportation Research Part B: Methodological, Elsevier, vol. 103(C), pages 56-67.
    59. J. N. Hooker & A. B. Rose & G. F. Roberts, 1983. "Optimal Control of Automobiles for Fuel Economy," Transportation Science, INFORMS, vol. 17(2), pages 146-167, May.
    60. Harilaos N. Psaraftis & Christos A. Kontovas, 2016. "Green Maritime Transportation: Speed and Route Optimization," International Series in Operations Research & Management Science, in: Harilaos N. Psaraftis (ed.), Green Transportation Logistics, edition 127, chapter 0, pages 299-349, Springer.
    61. Taesung Hwang & Yanfeng Ouyang, 2015. "Urban Freight Truck Routing under Stochastic Congestion and Emission Considerations," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 7(6), pages 1-16, May.
    62. Gernot Pauli, 2016. "Emissions and Inland Navigation," International Series in Operations Research & Management Science, in: Harilaos N. Psaraftis (ed.), Green Transportation Logistics, edition 127, chapter 0, pages 479-515, Springer.
    63. Hiermann, Gerhard & Puchinger, Jakob & Ropke, Stefan & Hartl, Richard F., 2016. "The Electric Fleet Size and Mix Vehicle Routing Problem with Time Windows and Recharging Stations," European Journal of Operational Research, Elsevier, vol. 252(3), pages 995-1018.
    64. Montoya, Alejandro & Guéret, Christelle & Mendoza, Jorge E. & Villegas, Juan G., 2017. "The electric vehicle routing problem with nonlinear charging function," Transportation Research Part B: Methodological, Elsevier, vol. 103(C), pages 87-110.
    65. Huang, Yixiao & Zhao, Lei & Van Woensel, Tom & Gross, Jean-Philippe, 2017. "Time-dependent vehicle routing problem with path flexibility," Transportation Research Part B: Methodological, Elsevier, vol. 95(C), pages 169-195.
    66. Xiao, Yiyong & Konak, Abdullah, 2016. "The heterogeneous green vehicle routing and scheduling problem with time-varying traffic congestion," Transportation Research Part E: Logistics and Transportation Review, Elsevier, vol. 88(C), pages 146-166.
    67. Sivak, Michael & Schoettle, Brandon, 2012. "Eco-driving: Strategic, tactical, and operational decisions of the driver that influence vehicle fuel economy," Transport Policy, Elsevier, vol. 22(C), pages 96-99.
    68. Schneider, M. & Stenger, A. & Goeke, D., 2014. "The Electric Vehicle Routing Problem with Time Windows and Recharging Stations," Publications of Darmstadt Technical University, Institute for Business Studies (BWL) 62382, Darmstadt Technical University, Department of Business Administration, Economics and Law, Institute for Business Studies (BWL).
    69. Diego Cattaruzza & Nabil Absi & Dominique Feillet & Jesús González-Feliu, 2017. "Vehicle routing problems for city logistics," EURO Journal on Transportation and Logistics, Springer;EURO - The Association of European Operational Research Societies, vol. 6(1), pages 51-79, March.
    70. Alexandra Anderluh & Vera C. Hemmelmayr & Pamela C. Nolz, 2017. "Synchronizing vans and cargo bikes in a city distribution network," Central European Journal of Operations Research, Springer;Slovak Society for Operations Research;Hungarian Operational Research Society;Czech Society for Operations Research;Österr. Gesellschaft für Operations Research (ÖGOR);Slovenian Society Informatika - Section for Operational Research;Croatian Operational Research Society, vol. 25(2), pages 345-376, June.
    71. Strehler, Martin & Merting, Sören & Schwan, Christian, 2017. "Energy-efficient shortest routes for electric and hybrid vehicles," Transportation Research Part B: Methodological, Elsevier, vol. 103(C), pages 111-135.
    72. Wang, Shuaian & Meng, Qiang, 2012. "Sailing speed optimization for container ships in a liner shipping network," Transportation Research Part E: Logistics and Transportation Review, Elsevier, vol. 48(3), pages 701-714.
    73. Lo, Hong K. & McCord, Mark R., 1998. "Adaptive ship routing through stochastic ocean currents: general formulations and empirical results," Transportation Research Part A: Policy and Practice, Elsevier, vol. 32(7), pages 547-561, September.
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Most related items

    These are the items that most often cite the same works as this one and are cited by the same works as this one.
    1. Asghari, Mohammad & Mirzapour Al-e-hashem, S. Mohammad J., 2021. "Green vehicle routing problem: A state-of-the-art review," International Journal of Production Economics, Elsevier, vol. 231(C).
    2. Mohammad Asghari & Seyed Mohammad Javad Mirzapour Al-E-Hashem, 2021. "Green vehicle routing problem: A state-of-the-art review," Post-Print hal-03182944, HAL.
    3. Ehmke, Jan Fabian & Campbell, Ann M. & Thomas, Barrett W., 2018. "Optimizing for total costs in vehicle routing in urban areas," Transportation Research Part E: Logistics and Transportation Review, Elsevier, vol. 116(C), pages 242-265.
    4. Raeesi, Ramin & Zografos, Konstantinos G., 2020. "The electric vehicle routing problem with time windows and synchronised mobile battery swapping," Transportation Research Part B: Methodological, Elsevier, vol. 140(C), pages 101-129.
    5. Emna Marrekchi & Walid Besbes & Diala Dhouib & Emrah Demir, 2021. "A review of recent advances in the operations research literature on the green routing problem and its variants," Annals of Operations Research, Springer, vol. 304(1), pages 529-574, September.
    6. Koyuncu, Işıl & Yavuz, Mesut, 2019. "Duplicating nodes or arcs in green vehicle routing: A computational comparison of two formulations," Transportation Research Part E: Logistics and Transportation Review, Elsevier, vol. 122(C), pages 605-623.
    7. Zhang, Shuai & Gajpal, Yuvraj & Appadoo, S.S. & Abdulkader, M.M.S., 2018. "Electric vehicle routing problem with recharging stations for minimizing energy consumption," International Journal of Production Economics, Elsevier, vol. 203(C), pages 404-413.
    8. Fukasawa, Ricardo & He, Qie & Song, Yongjia, 2016. "A disjunctive convex programming approach to the pollution-routing problem," Transportation Research Part B: Methodological, Elsevier, vol. 94(C), pages 61-79.
    9. Macrina, Giusy & Laporte, Gilbert & Guerriero, Francesca & Di Puglia Pugliese, Luigi, 2019. "An energy-efficient green-vehicle routing problem with mixed vehicle fleet, partial battery recharging and time windows," European Journal of Operational Research, Elsevier, vol. 276(3), pages 971-982.
    10. Huang, Yixiao & Zhao, Lei & Van Woensel, Tom & Gross, Jean-Philippe, 2017. "Time-dependent vehicle routing problem with path flexibility," Transportation Research Part B: Methodological, Elsevier, vol. 95(C), pages 169-195.
    11. Xiao, Yiyong & Zuo, Xiaorong & Huang, Jiaoying & Konak, Abdullah & Xu, Yuchun, 2020. "The continuous pollution routing problem," Applied Mathematics and Computation, Elsevier, vol. 387(C).
    12. Raeesi, Ramin & Zografos, Konstantinos G., 2022. "Coordinated routing of electric commercial vehicles with intra-route recharging and en-route battery swapping," European Journal of Operational Research, Elsevier, vol. 301(1), pages 82-109.
    13. Erfan Ghorbani & Mahdi Alinaghian & Gevork. B. Gharehpetian & Sajad Mohammadi & Guido Perboli, 2020. "A Survey on Environmentally Friendly Vehicle Routing Problem and a Proposal of Its Classification," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 12(21), pages 1-71, October.
    14. Brunner, Carlos & Giesen, Ricardo & Klapp, Mathias A. & Flórez-Calderón, Luz, 2021. "Vehicle routing problem with steep roads," Transportation Research Part A: Policy and Practice, Elsevier, vol. 151(C), pages 1-17.
    15. Sadati, Mir Ehsan Hesam & Çatay, Bülent, 2021. "A hybrid variable neighborhood search approach for the multi-depot green vehicle routing problem," Transportation Research Part E: Logistics and Transportation Review, Elsevier, vol. 149(C).
    16. Masmoudi, Mohamed Amine & Hosny, Manar & Demir, Emrah & Genikomsakis, Konstantinos N. & Cheikhrouhou, Naoufel, 2018. "The dial-a-ride problem with electric vehicles and battery swapping stations," Transportation Research Part E: Logistics and Transportation Review, Elsevier, vol. 118(C), pages 392-420.
    17. Goeke, Dominik, 2019. "Granular tabu search for the pickup and delivery problem with time windows and electric vehicles," European Journal of Operational Research, Elsevier, vol. 278(3), pages 821-836.
    18. Leandro do C. Martins & Rafael D. Tordecilla & Juliana Castaneda & Angel A. Juan & Javier Faulin, 2021. "Electric Vehicle Routing, Arc Routing, and Team Orienteering Problems in Sustainable Transportation," Energies, MDPI, vol. 14(16), pages 1-30, August.
    19. Xiao, Yiyong & Zhang, Yue & Kaku, Ikou & Kang, Rui & Pan, Xing, 2021. "Electric vehicle routing problem: A systematic review and a new comprehensive model with nonlinear energy recharging and consumption," Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, Elsevier, vol. 151(C).
    20. Cortés-Murcia, David L. & Prodhon, Caroline & Murat Afsar, H., 2019. "The electric vehicle routing problem with time windows, partial recharges and satellite customers," Transportation Research Part E: Logistics and Transportation Review, Elsevier, vol. 130(C), pages 184-206.

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:eee:ejores:v:274:y:2019:i:3:p:807-823. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    If CitEc recognized a bibliographic reference but did not link an item in RePEc to it, you can help with this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: Catherine Liu (email available below). General contact details of provider: http://www.elsevier.com/locate/eor .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.