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The Growth of Agricultural Protection in Europe in the 19th and 20th Centuries

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  • Johan F. M. Swinnen

Abstract

(1247) Johan F. M. Swinnen Dramatic changes took place in agricultural policies in Europe in the 19th and 20th centuries. In the 1860s European nations agreed on a series of trade agreements which spread free trade across the continent. In the 1960s European nations concluded an international agreement which spread heavy government intervention and protection against imports across the continent. This paper quantifies these changes in protection over the course of a century, relates them to changes in policies, and offers a political economy explanation for the growth in agricultural protection in Europe.

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  • Johan F. M. Swinnen, 2009. "The Growth of Agricultural Protection in Europe in the 19th and 20th Centuries," The World Economy, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 32(11), pages 1499-1537, November.
    • Handle: RePEc:bla:worlde:v:32:y:2009:i:11:p:1499-1537
    DOI: 10.1111/j.1467-9701.2009.01247.x
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    Cited by:

    1. Demirdöğen, Alper, 2011. "Tarımsal Korumacılık, Korumacılığın Ölçümü ve Türkiye [Agricultural Protectionism, Its Measurement and Turkey]," MPRA Paper 35083, University Library of Munich, Germany.
    2. Giulia Meloni & Johan Swinnen, 2022. "Globalization and political economy of food policies: Insights from planting restrictions in colonial wine markets," Applied Economic Perspectives and Policy, John Wiley & Sons, vol. 44(2), pages 766-787, June.
    3. Delpeuch, Claire & Vandeplas, Anneleen, 2013. "Revisiting the “Cotton Problem”—A Comparative Analysis of Cotton Reforms in Sub-Saharan Africa," World Development, Elsevier, vol. 42(C), pages 209-221.
    4. Johan Swinnen & Alessandro Olper & Senne Vandevelde, 2021. "From unfair prices to unfair trading practices: Political economy, value chains and 21st century agri‐food policy," Agricultural Economics, International Association of Agricultural Economists, vol. 52(5), pages 771-788, September.
    5. Majewski, Edward & Malak-Rawlikowska, Agata, 2018. "Scenarios of the Common Agricultural Policy after 2020," Problems of Agricultural Economics / Zagadnienia Ekonomiki Rolnej 276368, Institute of Agricultural and Food Economics - National Research Institute (IAFE-NRI).
    6. Volk, Tina & Rednak, Miroslav & Erjavec, Emil & Juvancic, Luka, 2012. "Development of a tool for comparative analysis of agricultural and rural development policies measures and its application on Western Balkan countries," 2012 Conference, August 18-24, 2012, Foz do Iguacu, Brazil 126918, International Association of Agricultural Economists.
    7. Meloni, Giulia & Swinnen, Johan, 2018. "Trade and terroir. The political economy of the world’s first geographical indications," Food Policy, Elsevier, vol. 81(C), pages 1-20.
    8. Meloni, Giulia & Swinnen, Johan, 2017. "Standards, Tariffs And Trade: The Rise And Fall Of The Raisin Trade Between Greece And France In The Late 19th Century And The Definition Of Wine," Working Papers 253853, American Association of Wine Economists.
    9. Giulia Meloni & Jo Swinnen, 2016. "Bugs, tariffs and colonies: the political economy of the wine trade 1860-1970," Working Papers of Department of Economics, Leuven 556191, KU Leuven, Faculty of Economics and Business (FEB), Department of Economics, Leuven.
    10. Pieters, Hannah & Swinnen, Johan, 2016. "Trading-off volatility and distortions? Food policy during price spikes," Food Policy, Elsevier, vol. 61(C), pages 27-39.
    11. Thomas Malang & Katharina Holzinger, 2020. "The political economy of differentiated integration: The case of common agricultural policy," The Review of International Organizations, Springer, vol. 15(3), pages 741-766, July.
    12. Nilsson, Pia & Bommarco, Riccardo & Hansson, Helena & Kuns, Brian & Schaak, Henning, 2022. "Farm performance and input self-sufficiency increases with functional crop diversity on Swedish farms," Ecological Economics, Elsevier, vol. 198(C).
    13. Poelmans, Eline & Swinnen, Johan F.M., 2011. "From Monasteries to Multinationals (and Back): A Historical Review of the Beer Economy," Journal of Wine Economics, Cambridge University Press, vol. 6(2), pages 196-216, October.
    14. Johan F.M.Swinnen & Alessandro Olper & Thijs Vandemoortele, 2011. "The Political Economy of Policy Instrument Choice: Theory and Evidence from Agricultural Policies," LICOS Discussion Papers 27911, LICOS - Centre for Institutions and Economic Performance, KU Leuven.
    15. Moon, Wanki & Saldias, Gabriel Pino, 2013. "Public Preferences about Agricultural Protectionism in the US," 2013 Annual Meeting, August 4-6, 2013, Washington, D.C. 150718, Agricultural and Applied Economics Association.
    16. Fleissig, Adrian R. & Whitney, Gerald A., 2015. "Belgium relief fund, post war food shortages and the “True” cost of living," Explorations in Economic History, Elsevier, vol. 58(C), pages 93-106.
    17. Meloni, Giulia & Swinnen, Johan, 2013. "The Political Economy of European Wine Regulations," Journal of Wine Economics, Cambridge University Press, vol. 8(3), pages 244-284, December.
    18. David Blandford, 2010. "Presidential Address: The Visible or Invisible Hand? The Balance Between Markets and Regulation in Agricultural Policy," Journal of Agricultural Economics, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 61(3), pages 459-479, September.
    19. Moon, Wanki & Pino, Gabriel & Asirvatham, Jebaraj, 2016. "Agricultural Protection, Domestic Policies, and International Political Economy: What is the Role of the State in Explaining Agricultural Protection?," 2016 Annual Meeting, July 31-August 2, Boston, Massachusetts 236118, Agricultural and Applied Economics Association.
    20. Florent Venayre, 2012. "Protection du marché agricole et qualité sanitaire en Polynésie française," Post-Print halshs-00785749, HAL.
    21. Volk, Tina (ed.), 2010. "Agriculture in the Western Balkan countries," Studies on the Agricultural and Food Sector in Transition Economies, Leibniz Institute of Agricultural Development in Transition Economies (IAMO), volume 57, number 96200.
    22. Johan F. M. Swinnen & Louise Knops & Kristine van Herck, 2013. "Food Price Volatility and EU Policies," WIDER Working Paper Series wp-2013-032, World Institute for Development Economic Research (UNU-WIDER).

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