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Climate as a risk factor for armed conflict

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Cited by:

  1. Efobi, Uchenna & Adejumo, Oluwabunmi & Kim, Jiyoung, 2025. "Climate change and the farmer-Pastoralist's violent conflict: Experimental evidence from Nigeria," Ecological Economics, Elsevier, vol. 228(C).
  2. Sara Balestri & Raul Caruso, 2024. "Vulnerability to Climate Change and Communal Conflicts: Evidence from Sub-Saharan Africa and South/South-East Asia," Journal of Development Studies, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 60(10), pages 1530-1556, October.
  3. Stephan Dietrich & Stafford Nichols, 2025. "More than a feeling: A global economic valuation of subjective wellbeing damages resulting from rising temperatures," PLOS ONE, Public Library of Science, vol. 20(2), pages 1-22, February.
  4. Koppenberg, Maximilian & Mishra, Ashok K. & Hirsch, Stefan, 2023. "Food aid and violent conflict: A review and Empiricist’s companion," Food Policy, Elsevier, vol. 121(C).
  5. Alexandru Petrea, 2022. "Climate Change and Security Implications," RAIS Conference Proceedings 2022-2024 0234, Research Association for Interdisciplinary Studies.
  6. Ruben Dahm & Karen Meijer & Ernst Kuneman & Louise Schaik, 2023. "What climate? The different meaning of climate indicators in violent conflict studies," Climatic Change, Springer, vol. 176(11), pages 1-23, November.
  7. Walter Leal Filho & Robert Stojanov & Franziska Wolf & Newton R. Matandirotya & Christian Ploberger & Desalegn Y. Ayal & Fardous Mohammad Safiul Azam & Tareq Mohammed Ali AL-Ahdal & Rebecca Sarku & No, 2022. "Assessing Uncertainties in Climate Change Adaptation and Land Management," Land, MDPI, vol. 11(12), pages 1-15, December.
  8. Samuel Stephen Wakdok & Raimund Bleischwitz, 2021. "Climate Change, Security, and the Resource Nexus: Case Study of Northern Nigeria and Lake Chad," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(19), pages 1-18, September.
  9. Basedau, Matthias & Deitch, Mora, 2021. "One year after: Has the COVID-19 pandemic increased violence in sub-Saharan Africa?," GIGA Working Papers 327, GIGA German Institute of Global and Area Studies.
  10. Marcantonio, Richard A., 2022. "Toxic diplomacy through environmental management: A necessary next step for environmental peacebuilding," World Development Perspectives, Elsevier, vol. 28(C).
  11. Zenou, Yves & Amarasinghe, Ashani & Raschky, Paul & Zhou, Junjie, 2020. "Conflicts in Spatial Networks," CEPR Discussion Papers 14300, C.E.P.R. Discussion Papers.
  12. Kira J. Cooper & Robert B. Gibson, 2022. "A Novel Framework for Inner-Outer Sustainability Assessment," Challenges, MDPI, vol. 13(2), pages 1-27, December.
  13. Frederic Noel Kamta & Janpeter Schilling & Jürgen Scheffran, 2021. "Water Resources, Forced Migration and Tensions with Host Communities in the Nigerian Part of the Lake Chad Basin," Resources, MDPI, vol. 10(4), pages 1-14, March.
  14. Mehrabi, Zia & Delzeit, Ruth & Ignaciuk, Adriana & Levers, Christian & Braich, Ginni & Bajaj, Kushank & Amo-Aidoo, Araba & Anderson, Weston & Balgah, Roland A. & Benton, Tim G. & Chari, Martin M. & El, 2022. "Research priorities for global food security under extreme events," EconStor Open Access Articles and Book Chapters, ZBW - Leibniz Information Centre for Economics, vol. 5(7), pages 756-766.
  15. Goyette, Jonathan & Smaoui, Maroua, 2022. "Low agricultural potential exacerbates the effect of temperature on civil conflicts," Ecological Economics, Elsevier, vol. 192(C).
  16. David Ubilava, 2023. "Climate, Crops, and Postharvest Conflict," Papers 2311.16370, arXiv.org, revised Sep 2024.
  17. Sarfo, Isaac & Qiao, Jiajun & Yeboah, Emmanuel & Puplampu, Dzifa Adimle & Kwang, Clement & Fynn, Iris Ekua Mensimah & Batame, Michael & Appea, Emmanuella Aboagye & Hagan, Daniel Fiifi Tawia & Ayelazun, 2024. "Meta-analysis of land use systems development in Africa: Trajectories, implications, adaptive capacity, and future dynamics," Land Use Policy, Elsevier, vol. 144(C).
  18. Minten, Bart & Goeb, Joseph & Zin Win, Khin & Pye Zone, Phoo, 2023. "Agricultural value chains in a fragile state: The case of rice in Myanmar," World Development, Elsevier, vol. 167(C).
  19. Dietrich, Stephan & Nichols, Stafford, 2023. "More than a feeling," MERIT Working Papers 2023-005, United Nations University - Maastricht Economic and Social Research Institute on Innovation and Technology (MERIT).
  20. Caio de Araújo Barbosa & Shaadee Ahmadnia, 2024. "Assessing Climate Change Risks in Fragile and Conflict-Affected Situations - Insights and Recommendations from a Global Analysis," World Bank Publications - Reports 42139, The World Bank Group.
  21. Mahboubeh Kalantari & Mohammad Reza Nikoo & Nasser Talebbeydokhti, 2025. "Assessment of renewable water in the face of climate change by a comprehensive analysis of adaptation strategies," Climatic Change, Springer, vol. 178(3), pages 1-24, March.
  22. Tobias Ide & Marisa O. Ensor & Virginie Le Masson & Susanne Kozak, 2021. "Gender in the Climate-Conflict Nexus: “Forgotten” Variables, Alternative Securities, and Hidden Power Dimensions," Politics and Governance, Cogitatio Press, vol. 9(4), pages 43-52.
  23. Adesoji Adelaja & Justin George & Louise Fox & Keith Fuglie & Thomas Jayne, 2021. "Shocks, Resilience and Structural Transformation in Sub-Saharan Africa," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(24), pages 1-22, December.
  24. Lemaire Thibault, 2023. "Civil Conflicts and Exchange Rate Misalignment: Evidence from MENA and Arab League Members," Review of Middle East Economics and Finance, De Gruyter, vol. 19(2), pages 101-130, August.
  25. Nomikos, William G, 2025. "Understanding the Connection between Democracy and Climate Change," Institute on Global Conflict and Cooperation, Working Paper Series qt92k9q19c, Institute on Global Conflict and Cooperation, University of California.
  26. Wolfgang Stojetz & Piero Ronzani & Tilman Brück & Jeanne Pinay & Marco d'Errico, 2024. "Shocking social safety: Evidence from violence and drought in North-east Nigeria," HiCN Working Papers 420, Households in Conflict Network.
  27. Maconga, Carson W., 2023. "Arid fields where conflict grows: How drought drives extremist violence in Sub-Saharan Africa," World Development Perspectives, Elsevier, vol. 29(C).
  28. Ma, Tianyi & Moore, Jane & Cleary, Anne, 2022. "Climate change impacts on the mental health and wellbeing of young people: A scoping review of risk and protective factors," Social Science & Medicine, Elsevier, vol. 301(C).
  29. Castells-Quintana, David & Lopez-Uribe, Maria del Pilar & McDermott, Thomas K.J., 2022. "Population displacement and urban conflict: Global evidence from more than 3300 flood events," Journal of Development Economics, Elsevier, vol. 158(C).
  30. Guicang Peng & Knut Erik Bang & Tore Markeset, 2025. "Country risk mapping in a changing world—comparative survey on academic research and industrial practices," International Journal of System Assurance Engineering and Management, Springer;The Society for Reliability, Engineering Quality and Operations Management (SREQOM),India, and Division of Operation and Maintenance, Lulea University of Technology, Sweden, vol. 16(2), pages 561-580, February.
  31. Zsombor Z. M'eder & Carsten K. W. de Dreu & Jorg Gross, 2022. "Equilibria of Attacker-Defender Games," Papers 2202.10072, arXiv.org, revised May 2023.
  32. Joel Millward-Hopkins, 2022. "Inequality can double the energy required to secure universal decent living," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 13(1), pages 1-9, December.
  33. Helbling, Marc & Auer, Daniel & Meierrieks, Daniel & Mistry, Malcolm & Schaub, Max, 2021. "Climate change literacy and migration potential: micro-level evidence from Africa," EconStor Open Access Articles and Book Chapters, ZBW - Leibniz Information Centre for Economics, vol. 169(1-2), pages 1-1.
  34. Leonardsson, Hanna & Kronsell, Annica & Andersson, Erik & Burman, Anders & Blanes, Ruy & Da Costa, Karen & Hasselskog, Malin & Stepanova, Olga & Öjendal, Joakim, 2021. "Achieving peaceful climate change adaptation through transformative governance," World Development, Elsevier, vol. 147(C).
  35. Tobias Ide & Marisa O. Ensor & Virginie Le Masson & Susanne Kozak, 2021. "Gender in the Climate-Conflict Nexus: “Forgotten” Variables, Alternative Securities, and Hidden Power Dimensions," Politics and Governance, Cogitatio Press, vol. 9(4), pages 43-52.
  36. Sidney Michelini & Barbora Šedová & Jacob Schewe & Katja Frieler, 2023. "Extreme weather impacts do not improve conflict predictions in Africa," Palgrave Communications, Palgrave Macmillan, vol. 10(1), pages 1-10, December.
  37. Abrahams, Daniel, 2020. "Conflict in abundance and peacebuilding in scarcity: Challenges and opportunities in addressing climate change and conflict," World Development, Elsevier, vol. 132(C).
  38. Devendra Paudel & Ram Chandra Neupane & Sailesh Sigdel & Pradip Poudel & Aditya R. Khanal, 2023. "COVID-19 Pandemic, Climate Change, and Conflicts on Agriculture: A Trio of Challenges to Global Food Security," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 15(10), pages 1-22, May.
  39. Pañeda-Fernández, Irene & Meierrieks, Daniel, 2024. "Exposure to climate disasters and individual migration aspirations: Evidence from Senegal and the Gambia," Discussion Papers, Research Unit: Migration, Integration, Transnationalization SP VI 2024-101, WZB Berlin Social Science Center.
  40. Quansheng Ge & Mengmeng Hao & Fangyu Ding & Dong Jiang & Jürgen Scheffran & David Helman & Tobias Ide, 2022. "Modelling armed conflict risk under climate change with machine learning and time-series data," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 13(1), pages 1-8, December.
  41. Scott Pruysers & Tobias Schminke & Gala Palavicini, 2025. "Personality traits and climate skepticism: evidence from Canada," Climatic Change, Springer, vol. 178(3), pages 1-18, March.
  42. Ide, Tobias, 2025. "Rethinking climate conflicts: The role of climate action and inaction," World Development, Elsevier, vol. 186(C).
  43. Bertinelli, Luisito & Cömertpay, Rana & Maystadt, Jean-François, 2025. "Ethnic diversity and conflict in sub-Saharan Africa: Evidence from refugee-hosting areas," Journal of Development Economics, Elsevier, vol. 172(C).
  44. Md Nadiruzzaman & Jürgen Scheffran & Hosna J. Shewly & Stefanie Kley, 2022. "Conflict-Sensitive Climate Change Adaptation: A Review," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 14(13), pages 1-12, July.
  45. Myers, Emily & Sacks, Audrey & Tellez, Juan F. & Wibbels, Erik, 2024. "Forced displacement, social cohesion, and the state: Evidence from eight new studies," World Development, Elsevier, vol. 173(C).
  46. Conigliani, Caterina & Costantini, Valeria & Paglialunga, Elena & Tancredi, Andrea, 2024. "Forecasting the climate-conflict risk in Africa along climate-related scenarios and multiple socio-economic drivers," Economic Modelling, Elsevier, vol. 141(C).
  47. World Bank, 2022. "Adapting Social Protection to FCV and Insecurity - The Case of the Democratic Republic of Congo," Social Protection Discussion Papers and Notes 172379, The World Bank.
  48. Meierrieks, Daniel & Pañeda-Fernández, Irene, 2025. "Do climate change and climate disasters at home shape return migration intentions? Evidence from a survey of West Africans in Germany," Discussion Papers, Research Unit: Migration, Integration, Transnationalization SP VI 2025-101, WZB Berlin Social Science Center.
  49. Elizabeth A. Mack & Richard A. Marcantonio & Erin Bunting & Amanda Ross & Andrew Zimmer & Leo C. Zulu & Edna Liliana Gómez Fernández & Jay Herndon & Geoffrey M. Henebry, 2022. "A Systematic Literature Review of Quantitative Studies Assessing the Relationship between Water and Conflict on the African Continent," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 14(22), pages 1-20, November.
  50. Laurence L. Delina & Lei Shi & Jon Gaviola & Rufa Cagoco‐Guiam, 2025. "Balancing Immediate Relief and Resilience: Centring Local Voices for Disaster Aid and Capacity Building in Climate‐Conflict Vulnerable Communities," Sustainable Development, John Wiley & Sons, Ltd., vol. 33(3), pages 4589-4603, June.
  51. Wenwu Zhao & Caichun Yin & Ting Hua & Michael E. Meadows & Yan Li & Yanxu Liu & Francesco Cherubini & Paulo Pereira & Bojie Fu, 2022. "Achieving the Sustainable Development Goals in the post-pandemic era," Palgrave Communications, Palgrave Macmillan, vol. 9(1), pages 1-7, December.
  52. Srinjoy Bose & Maxim Mancino & Dahlia Simangan, 2024. "Ecosystem services and sustainable peace in Afghanistan: Gaps in national policy and its security implications," Global Policy, London School of Economics and Political Science, vol. 15(1), pages 193-203, February.
  53. Mengmeng Hao & Fangyu Ding & Xiaolan Xie & Jingying Fu & Yushu Qian & Tobias Ide & Jean-François Maystadt & Shuai Chen & Quansheng Ge & Dong Jiang, 2022. "Varying climatic-social-geographical patterns shape the conflict risk at regional and global scales," Palgrave Communications, Palgrave Macmillan, vol. 9(1), pages 1-8, December.
  54. Yijing Wang & Rong Wang & Katsumasa Tanaka & Philippe Ciais & Josep Penuelas & Yves Balkanski & Jordi Sardans & Didier Hauglustaine & Junji Cao & Jianmin Chen & Lin Wang & Xu Tang & Renhe Zhang, 2025. "Global spatiotemporal optimization of photovoltaic and wind power to achieve the Paris Agreement targets," Nature Communications, Nature, vol. 16(1), pages 1-19, December.
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