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Alleindienstleister im Berufsfeld Kultur: Versuch einer erwerbssoziologischen Konzeptualisierung

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  • Gottschall, Karin
  • Betzelt, Sigrid

Abstract

Die Kulturberufe gehören zu den seit Jahren expandierenden Wissensberufen und nehmen im bundesdeutschen Erwerbssystem in verschiedener Hinsicht eine Sonderstellung ein. So werden sie häufig in der Form des 'Alleindienstleisters' ausgeübt und weisen hohe Frauenanteile und Akademisierungsgrade auf. Von daher sind sie für die Frage nach 'zukunftsfähigen' Formen von Erwerbsarbeit für beide Geschlechter besonders interessant. Das Papier stellt zunächst in erwerbssoziologischer Perspektive Charakteristika der Kulturberufe in Abgrenzung zu den beiden dominanten Erwerbstypen - den 'klassischen' Professionen und dem 'verberuflichten Arbeitnehmer' - wie auch zu den traditionell feminisierten sog. Semi-Professionen dar. Gefragt wird weiter nach theoretischen Erklärungsansätzen für diesen vergleichsweise jungen Erwerbstypus. Dabei erscheint weniger die Professionstheorie als vielmehr das arbeitssoziologische Konzept des 'Arbeitskraftunternehmers' weiterführend, insofern es in subjektorientierter Perspektive Grenzverschiebungen zwischen Arbeit und Leben Rechnung trägt. In einem weiteren Schritt werden erste empirische Ergebnisse zur sozialstrukturellen Verfassung der Kulturberufe präsentiert, die ambivalente Deutungen nahe legen. So scheint einerseits Erwerbsarbeit in den Kulturberufen weniger durch Geschlechterstereotype geprägt zu sein als in den erwähnten anderen Erwerbstypen. Andererseits jedoch deuten die zu vermutenden Arrangements von Arbeit und Leben nicht unbedingt auf egalitäre Muster hin. Abschließend wird weiterer Forschungsbedarf thematisiert.

Suggested Citation

  • Gottschall, Karin & Betzelt, Sigrid, 2001. "Alleindienstleister im Berufsfeld Kultur: Versuch einer erwerbssoziologischen Konzeptualisierung," Working papers of the ZeS 18/2001, University of Bremen, Centre for Social Policy Research (ZeS).
    • Handle: RePEc:zbw:zeswps:182001
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    1. Shirley Dex & Janet Willis & Richard Paterson & Elaine Sheppard, 2000. "Freelance Workers and Contract Uncertainty: The Effects of Contractual Changes in the Television Industry," Work, Employment & Society, British Sociological Association, vol. 14(2), pages 283-305, June.
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    1. Wachter, Silvia, 2011. "Analyse der Machtbeziehung zwischen Maler und Galerist nach Crozier und Friedberg," Schriften zur Organisationswissenschaft 15, Technische Universität Chemnitz, Professur für Organisation und Arbeitswissenschaften.
    2. Rolf G. Heinze & Fabian Hoose, 2013. "The Creative Economy: Vision or Illusion in the Structural Change?," European Planning Studies, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 21(4), pages 516-535, April.
    3. Betzelt, Sigrid, 2002. "Soziale Sicherung 'neuer' Selbständiger: Reformperspektiven im Spiegel europäischer Nachbarstaaten," Working papers of the ZeS 10/2002, University of Bremen, Centre for Social Policy Research (ZeS).
    4. Welter, Friederike & May-Strobl, Eva & Wolter, Hans-Jürgen & Günterberg, Brigitte, 2014. "Mittelstand im Wandel," IfM-Materialien 232, Institut für Mittelstandsforschung (IfM) Bonn.

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