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Zusatzbeiträge in der Gesetzlichen Krankenversicherung: Weiterentwicklungsoptionen und ihre finanziellen sowie allokativen Effekte

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  • Kallweit, Manuel
  • Kohlmeier, Anabell

Abstract

Zukünftig ist mit einem spürbaren Anstieg der Ausgaben der Gesetzlichen Krankenversicherung (GKV) zu rechnen, dem ein entsprechender Einnahmeanstieg gegenüberstehen muss. Nach geltendem Recht werden dazu die bereits gesetzlich verankerten, aber derzeit noch nicht flächendeckend eingeführten, einkommensunabhängigen Zusatzbeiträge herangezogen, die sozial ausgeglichen werden. Dieser Beitrag untersucht zunächst die Auswirkungen dieser Regelung auf die Entwicklung der Einnahmen der GKV. Anschließend werden beispielhaft verschiedene Optionen zur Weiterentwicklung dieser Zusatzbeiträge hin zu einem einkommens-unabhängigen Arbeitnehmerbeitrag entwickelt und ihre die finanziellen Auswirkungen sowie ihre Wachstums- und Beschäftigungseffekte im Rahmen eines allgemeinen Gleichgewichtsmodells analysiert. Es zeigt sich, dass eine solche Weiterentwicklung mit positiven Wachstums- und Beschäftigungseffekten verbunden wäre, ohne dass die Belastung über das bereits jetzt festgelegte Maß hinaus ausgeweitet wird. Die Effekte sind umso größer, je früher die Umsetzung beginnt, je schneller sie abgeschlossen ist, je gedämpfter der Ausgabenanstieg verläuft und je stärker die Belastungsquote angehoben wird.

Suggested Citation

  • Kallweit, Manuel & Kohlmeier, Anabell, 2012. "Zusatzbeiträge in der Gesetzlichen Krankenversicherung: Weiterentwicklungsoptionen und ihre finanziellen sowie allokativen Effekte," Working Papers 06/2012, German Council of Economic Experts / Sachverständigenrat zur Begutachtung der gesamtwirtschaftlichen Entwicklung.
    • Handle: RePEc:zbw:svrwwp:062012
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    JEL classification:

    • C68 - Mathematical and Quantitative Methods - - Mathematical Methods; Programming Models; Mathematical and Simulation Modeling - - - Computable General Equilibrium Models
    • I13 - Health, Education, and Welfare - - Health - - - Health Insurance, Public and Private
    • J20 - Labor and Demographic Economics - - Demand and Supply of Labor - - - General

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