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Die Folgen der europäischen Integration für die Bundesrepublik Deutschland: Wandel durch Verflechtung

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  • Schmidt, Susanne K.

Abstract

Welche Folgen hat die europäische Integration für die Mitgliedstaaten? In diesem Artikel geht es mir darum zu zeigen, wie die Verflechtung mit der EU die institutionellen Handlungsoptionen nationaler Akteure verändert. Mein Ausgangspunkt ist das deutsche politische System, das aufgrund vielfältiger Verhandlungszwänge zu Reformstau neigt. Dies zeigt sich auch an den hier diskutierten Beispielen der Regulierungen des Versicherungswesens und des Straßengüterverkehrs, die über Jahrzehnte weitgehend stabil waren. Obwohl die Regulierungen zunehmend in die Kritik gerieten, gelang es den am Status quo interessierten regulierten Unternehmen, ihren Verbänden und den zuständigen staatlichen Stellen hieran festzuhalten. Ich zeige, wie die Einbindung in das europäische Mehrebenensystem von nationalen Akteuren strategisch genutzt werden kann, um Reformen durchzusetzen, für die ohne die EU-Mitgliedschaft auf nationaler Ebene der notwendige Konsens fehlte. Analysiert man in dieser Weise die Folgen der Integration nicht nur als einseitigen Druck auf die Mitgliedstaaten, sondern bezieht die Reaktionen nationaler Akteure ein, wird deutlich, wie die Auswirkungen der EU auch in hohem Maße durch nationale Interessen bestimmt sind.

Suggested Citation

  • Schmidt, Susanne K., 2002. "Die Folgen der europäischen Integration für die Bundesrepublik Deutschland: Wandel durch Verflechtung," MPIfG Discussion Paper 02/4, Max Planck Institute for the Study of Societies.
  • Handle: RePEc:zbw:mpifgd:p0026
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