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Transnationaler Schienenausbau in Europa: Hindernisse, Kosten und ökonomische Effekte

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  • Kapeller, Jakob
  • Porak, Laura
  • Schütz, Bernhard

Abstract

Der Sektor Mobilität steht im Zusammenhang mit der Klimakrise immer wieder im Mittelpunkt der öffentlichen Debatte - auch deshalb, weil es im Verkehrssektor in der Vergangenheit nicht gelungen ist das bestehende Emissionsvolumen zu reduzieren. Vor diesem Hintergrund scheint eine Verlagerung des Verkehrssektors in Richtung Schiene als zentrale Optionen um die Klimaverträglichkeit des Verkehrssektors zu erhöhen. Eine solche Verlagerung erfordert jedoch einen Ausbau der Infrastruktur. Daher beschäftigt sich dieser Policy Brief mit den Herausforderungen und Chancen, die der transeuropäische Schieneninfrastrukturausbau mit sich bringt. Zu diesem Zweck wird Deutschland, das auf Grund fehlender Schieneninfrastrukturinvestitionen alleine in diesem Bereich eine Investitionslücke in Höhe von 100 Mrd. € aufweist, in Form einer mixed-methods Fallstudie genauer analysiert. Hierfür, wurden auf Basis einer umfänglichen Literaturrecherche Interviews mit zentralen Expert*innen (Mitarbeitenden der Bundesbahnen, Interessensvertretungen und Politiker*innen) geführt und in Folge, auch unter Einbezug von Informationen aus den Interviews, eine Input-Output-Analyse durchgeführt, die die Wertschöpfungs- und Beschäftigungseffekte von Infrastrukturinvestitionen berechnet. Die so erzielten Ergebnisse legen nahe, dass eine rasche Umsetzung der Baumaßnahmen innerhalb der Kapazitätsgrenzen läge und zugleich höhere Wertschöpfungs- und Beschäftigungseffekte erzeugen würde. Ferner steigert eine Verschiebung des Ausbaus die Kosten wegen der anhaltenden Baukosteninflation. Abschließend argumentiert der Policy Brief, dass der Infrastrukturausbau von einer aktiven Gestaltung der politischen Rahmenbedingungen sowie einer Ausweitung der öffentlichen Finanzierung für Infrastruktur begleitet werden sollte.

Suggested Citation

  • Kapeller, Jakob & Porak, Laura & Schütz, Bernhard, 2025. "Transnationaler Schienenausbau in Europa: Hindernisse, Kosten und ökonomische Effekte," ifso expertise 30, University of Duisburg-Essen, Institute for Socioeconomics (ifso).
  • Handle: RePEc:zbw:ifsoex:315207
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    Keywords

    EU-Verkehrspolitik; Schienenstrecke; Infrastrukturinvestition; Klimaneutralität; Wertschöpfung; Beschäftigungseffekt; EU-Staaten;
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