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Sharing Economy in der Mobilität: Potenzielle Nutzung und Akzeptanz geteilter Mobilitätsdienste in urbanen Räumen in Deutschland

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  • Krauss, Konstantin
  • Scherrer, Aline
  • Burghard, Uta
  • Schuler, Johannes
  • Burger, Axel Michael
  • Doll, Claus

Abstract

Die urbane Mobilität hat sich in den letzten Jahren stark gewandelt. Hierzu tragen vermehrt die aufkommenden Sharing-Angebote bei. Neben dem schon länger betriebenen Carsharing kam vor einigen Jahren das Bikesharing und nun auch das Ridesharing und E-Scootersharing hinzu. Die Akzeptanz dieser vier Dienste wurden in der vorliegenden Studie mittels einer Erhebung unter 3.061 Probanden in deutschen Großstädten untersucht. Ziel der Untersuchung war es, die Be-kanntheit, Einstellung wie auch Nutzungsintentionen der Personen gegenüber diesen vier Sharing-Diensten zu analysieren. Carsharing ist unter den vier Diensten mit Abstand am bekanntesten (93 % der Probanden ist der Dienst bekannt). Bikesharing folgt an zweiter Position (69% Bekanntheit). E-Scootersharing (53% Bekanntheit) und Ridesharing (47 %) sind deutlich weniger bekannt. Die Einstellungen gegenüber den vier Diensten sind überwiegend neutral, mit der Ausnahme des E-Scootersharing, das negativer bewertet wird. Nichtsdestotrotz weist das E-Scootersharing hohe Nutzungspotenziale, d. h. geäußerte Nutzungs-absichten, für verschiedene Wegezwecke (insbesondere Freizeitwege) auf. An zweiter Stelle folgt hinsichtlich der Nutzungspotenziale das Ridesharing, insbe-sondere in der gepoolten Version (teilen der Fahrt mit Anderen). Carsharing und Bikesharing weisen geringere Nutzungspotenziale auf. Die in der Studie identifizierten Early Adopter, das heißt, die Personen, die schon jetzt die neuen Mobilitätsdienste nutzen, sind überwiegend jüngere Personen mit höherem Bildungslevel. Zudem sind unter den Early Adoptern mit höherer Wahr-scheinlichkeit Männer sowie Personen, die in Vollzeit erwerbstätig sind. Im Ver-gleich zu den befragten Personen, die die Sharing-Angebote derzeit noch nicht nutzen, steht diesen Early Adoptern außerdem weniger häufig ein privates Auto zur Verfügung. Die Ergebnisse dieser Studie liefern einen Überblick über die Nutzung wie auch die Nutzerinnen und Nutzer der geteilten Mobilität in Deutschland. Weitere Ana-lysen, für welche exakten Distanzen welcher Dienst besonders geeignet ist, wel-che Kombination von Diensten wertvoll ist oder auch welche Zielgruppen das höchste Nutzungspotenzial aufweisen, sind notwendig. Wo aus Gründen der besseren Lesbarkeit nicht anders möglich, wird in diesem Bericht das generische Maskulinum verwendet. Es sind jedoch immer alle Ge-schlechteridentitäten mitgemeint, soweit es für die Aussage erforderlich ist.

Suggested Citation

  • Krauss, Konstantin & Scherrer, Aline & Burghard, Uta & Schuler, Johannes & Burger, Axel Michael & Doll, Claus, 2020. "Sharing Economy in der Mobilität: Potenzielle Nutzung und Akzeptanz geteilter Mobilitätsdienste in urbanen Räumen in Deutschland," Working Papers "Sustainability and Innovation" S06/2020, Fraunhofer Institute for Systems and Innovation Research (ISI).
    • Handle: RePEc:zbw:fisisi:s062020
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    1. Shaheen, Susan & Cohen, Adam, 2018. "Shared ride services in North America: definitions, impacts, and the future of pooling," Institute of Transportation Studies, Research Reports, Working Papers, Proceedings qt2wr9q8c2, Institute of Transportation Studies, UC Berkeley.
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