Resource Allocation and Sustainable Supply Chain Management Towards the Performance of the Organization

Purpose: This study explores how strategic resource allocation in human, physical, financial, and information domains impacts Sustainable Supply Chain Management (SSCM) enablers i.e. supply chain integration, investment specificity, and innovativeness, and ultimately affects organizational performance in Pakistan's manufacturing sector. Motivated by the scarcity of empirical studies from emerging economies, the research addresses a significant knowledge gap by examining the mediating effects of SSCM capabilities on performance outcomes. Study design/methodology/approach: Adopting a quantitative, cross-sectional research design, data were collected from 385 supply chain professionals in Pakistan using a structured questionnaire. The conceptual model was tested using Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM) via SmartPLS 4. Findings: The study revealed that resource allocation significantly influences SSCM practices, which in turn drive organizational performance. Information and financial resources showed the strongest positive effects on innovativeness. while human resources most significantly influenced supply chain integration. R² values exceeded 0.65 for all mediating constructs, confirming strong explanatory power. Similarly, the significance of skilled workers in promoting cooperative and integrated supply chains is reflected in Human Resource → SCI. These results emphasize contextual obstacles in Pakistani manufacturing environments and provide some support for the conceptual model. The study also showed that innovativeness and investment specificity have significance impact on SSCM, Originality/value: This research presents a multi-path mediation model grounded in RBV, Relational View, and Stakeholder Theory. It provides actionable insights for policymakers and managers to optimize resource allocation strategies for sustainability performance in resource constrained environments.