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Stromnetzausbau: Kapital mobilisieren, Netzentgelte reduzieren

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  • Kölschbach Ortego, Axel
  • Gassen, Nicolas
  • Steitz, Janek

Abstract

Damit die Energiewende gelingt, muss die deutsche Energieinfrastruktur (Stromübertragungsnetze und Stromverteilnetze) umfassend ausgebaut werden. Es sind Investitionen von mehreren hundert Milliarden Euro nötig. Ein erheblicher Teil davon entfällt auf den Bedarf an zusätzlichem Eigenkapital. Unter den aktuellen regulatorischen und finanziellen Bedingungen gelingt es den Energieversorgungsunternehmen jedoch nicht, das notwendige Kapital zu mobilisieren. Dies gefährdet das Gelingen der Energiewende insgesamt. Um das nötige Eigenkapital zu mobilisieren, schlagen wir eine Kombination aus verstärkter Einbindung privaten Kapitals und staatlichen Beteiligungen vor. Dadurch sichern wir den Ausbau der Netze langfristig ab. Gleichzeitig können die Netzentgelte durch das vorgeschlagene Finanzierungsmodell deutlich gesenkt werden. Im Stromnetzbereich sollte privates Kapital gezielt aktiviert werden. Dazu sollte die regulatorische Eigenkapitalverzinsung moderat erhöht werden. Vor allem für Verteilnetzbetreiber mit eingeschränktem Zugang zum Kapitalmarkt empfehlen wir ein staatlich koordiniertes Fondssystem, das den Zugang zu privatem Kapital erheblich erleichtert. Ergänzend zu dieser stärkeren Einbindung privater Investoren soll der Staat zusätzliches Eigenkapital durch Beteiligungen an Übertragungsnetzbetreibern und Verteilnetzbetreibern bereitstellen. Das Zinsdifferential zwischen der relativ hohen Rendite der Eigenkapitalbeteiligungen und den deutlich günstigeren staatlichen Finanzierungskonditionen ermöglicht es, dass der Staat mit den erzielten Dividenden die Netzentgelte direkt bezuschussen kann. So werden Verbraucher finanziell entlastet und gleichzeitig wird der Netzausbau beschleunigt.

Suggested Citation

  • Kölschbach Ortego, Axel & Gassen, Nicolas & Steitz, Janek, 2025. "Stromnetzausbau: Kapital mobilisieren, Netzentgelte reduzieren," Papers 319293, Dezernat Zukunft - Institute for Macrofinance, Berlin.
  • Handle: RePEc:zbw:dzimps:319293
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Ralph S. J. Koijen & Motohiro Yogo, 2019. "A Demand System Approach to Asset Pricing," Journal of Political Economy, University of Chicago Press, vol. 127(4), pages 1475-1515.
    2. Zhengyang Jiang & Hanno Lustig & Stijn Van Nieuwerburgh & Mindy Z. Xiaolan, 2023. "Fiscal Capacity: An Asset Pricing Perspective," Annual Review of Financial Economics, Annual Reviews, vol. 15(1), pages 197-219, November.
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    Cited by:

    1. Henze, Levi, 2025. "Stromsubvention als Konjunkturpolitik? Ökonomische Erwägungen zum geplanten Strompreispaket," Papers 320380, Dezernat Zukunft - Institute for Macrofinance, Berlin.

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