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Ottimizzazione versus Razionalità Procedurale: un'analisi del dibattito sulla natura della scelta razionale in economia

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  • Cerulli Giovanni

Abstract

In questo saggio viene dapprima affrontata l'evoluzione teorica e gli sforzi sperimentali che hanno portato all'affermazione della razionalità procedurale di Herbert A. Simon e dei comportamentisti. Successivamente viene ricostruito il dibattito tra sostenitori dell' approccio "ottimizzazione"e sostenitori dell' approccio "razionalità limitata/procedurale" . Ripercorrendo criticamente questo dibattito ci domandiamo: fino a che punto è possibile attribuire ad una delle due teorie una maggiore legittimazione a descrivere correttamente il comportamento degli agenti economici? Se sul piano analitico l'approccio "relativistico" di Boland e quello "riduzioni sta" di Becker e Stigler mostrano che una comparazione (seppur non priva di problemi) è possibile, su quello metodologico, è argomentato, la risposta rimane ambigua. E' allora necessario collocare metodologicamente i due approcci. A tal fine viene fatto osservare che mentre Simon e i comportamentisti giustificano e legittimano il principio di razionalità limitata/procedurale sulla base della sua "aderenza alla realtà" (accountability to reality o realisticness), Boland, Becker e Stigler difendono quello d'ottimizzazione sulla base della sua non-falsificabilità ex-post ovvero, in ultima analisi, delle sue "performance predittive" (accountability to data). Si suggerisce in tal senso che è nel conflitto tra strumentalismo e realismo che dovrebbe essere ricercata l'inconciliabilità dei due approcci e, di rimando, una solida difesa da ogni tentativo meramente "riduzionista" del contenuto innovativo della teoria simoniana.

Suggested Citation

  • Cerulli Giovanni, 2005. "Ottimizzazione versus Razionalità Procedurale: un'analisi del dibattito sulla natura della scelta razionale in economia," CESMEP Working Papers 200501, University of Turin.
  • Handle: RePEc:uto:cesmep:200501
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