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A mudança do regime cambial português: Um balanço 15 anos depois de Maastricht

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  • Jorge Braga de Macedo

Abstract

A mudança de regime para a estabilidade e convertibilidade cambiais deve ser enquadrada numa mudança de regime económico e financeiro. A parte monetária foi feita por pressão europeia directa mas não se pode mudar a constituição fiscal a partir de fora. Para tal, não bastam tratados nem pactos com restrições às despesas e receitas públicas, porque a constituição fiscal assenta num processo orçamental que reflecte o sistema político. A falta de complementaridade entre políticas explica que as nossas reformas não tenham durado o suficiente para que as empresas se sintam parte interessada. O resultado da “boleia de juros” foi uma procura excessiva de bens e serviços transaccionáveis por parte dos residentes, que se manifestou quer na despesa em bens e serviços importados ou exportáveis. Tendo em conta a baixa classificação de Portugal em termos de produtividade e também em termos de atractividade para o investor, não se vai realizar o alto potencial exportador sem alterar os preços relativos. O balanço 15 anos depois de Maastricht é pois de que, sem uma estratégia sustentada de reformas, o potencial exportador não se pode realizar. Sem realizar esse potencial, não se pode restaurar uma diferencialidade portuguesa assente nas pertenças e liberdades.

Suggested Citation

  • Jorge Braga de Macedo, 2007. "A mudança do regime cambial português: Um balanço 15 anos depois de Maastricht," Nova SBE Working Paper Series wp502, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Nova School of Business and Economics.
  • Handle: RePEc:unl:unlfep:wp502
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. André Sapir, 2006. "Globalization and the Reform of European Social Models," Journal of Common Market Studies, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 44(2), pages 369-390, June.
    2. Hallerberg, Mark & Strauch, Rolf & von Hagen, Jurgen, 2007. "The design of fiscal rules and forms of governance in European Union countries," European Journal of Political Economy, Elsevier, vol. 23(2), pages 338-359, June.
    3. Jorge Braga de Macedo & Luis Catela Nunes & Luis Brites Pereira, 2003. "Central bank intervenyion under target zones: the portuguese escudo in the ERM," Nova SBE Working Paper Series wp435, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Nova School of Business and Economics.
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