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Formula Approaches for Market Access Negotiations

Author

Listed:
  • Joseph Francois

    () (Faculty of Economics, Erasmus University Rotterdam)

  • Will Martin

    () (World Bank, Washington)

Abstract

Most of the large tariff reductions achieved in multilateral tradenegotiations have involved tariff-cutting formulas such as the "Swiss"formula. However, wide variations in initial tariff rates between activeparticipants call for new approaches under the Doha Development Agenda.This paper surveys a range of formula options and examines both targetedand flexible applications of the Swiss formula that target tariff escalation andpeaks, and would allow policy makers to directly target how far they willmove towards free trade, while providing some flexibility for trading offreductions in peak tariffs against reductions in lower-tariff sectors.

Suggested Citation

  • Joseph Francois & Will Martin, 2002. "Formula Approaches for Market Access Negotiations," Tinbergen Institute Discussion Papers 02-125/2, Tinbergen Institute.
    • Handle: RePEc:tin:wpaper:20020125
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    File URL: https://papers.tinbergen.nl/02125.pdf
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    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Hoekman, Bernard, 2002. "Strengthening the global trade architecture for development," Policy Research Working Paper Series 2757, The World Bank.
    2. Martin,Will & Winters,L. Alan (ed.), 1996. "The Uruguay Round and the Developing Countries," Cambridge Books, Cambridge University Press, number 9780521586016, December.
    3. Francois, Joseph F. & Martin, Will, 2004. "Commercial policy variability, bindings, and market access," European Economic Review, Elsevier, vol. 48(3), pages 665-679, June.
    4. World Bank, 2001. "Global Economic Prospects and the Developing Countries 2001," World Bank Publications, The World Bank, number 14779, June.
    5. Bernard Hoekman & Francis Ng & Marcelo Olarreaga, 2002. "Eliminating Excessive Tariffs on Exports of Least Developed Countries," World Bank Economic Review, World Bank Group, vol. 16(1), pages 1-21, June.
    6. Bernard Hoekman & Marcelo Olarreaga, 2002. "Une proposition pour l'OMC : La « super » clause de nation plus favorisée," Reflets et perspectives de la vie économique, De Boeck Université, vol. 0(2), pages 81-90.
    7. Martin, W. & Winters, L.A., 1995. "The Uruguay Round and the Developing Countries," World Bank - Discussion Papers 307, World Bank.
    8. Lopez, Ramon & Panagariya, Arvind, 1992. "On the Theory of Piecemeal Tariff Reform: The Case of Pure Imported Intermediate Inputs," American Economic Review, American Economic Association, vol. 82(3), pages 615-625, June.
    9. Vousden,Neil, 1990. "The Economics of Trade Protection," Cambridge Books, Cambridge University Press, number 9780521346696, December.
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    More about this item

    Keywords

    Market access; Tariff formulas; WTO;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • F13 - International Economics - - Trade - - - Trade Policy; International Trade Organizations
    • F1 - International Economics - - Trade

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