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Agricultural Productivity, Green energy, Governance quality and Environmental Degradation in BRICS Economies : Evidence from a PMG-ARDL Analysis

Author

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  • Hadda, kilani
  • Mohamed, Ben AMAR

Abstract

This study investigates the dynamic relationships between agricultural productivity, green energy adoption, governance quality, and environmental degradation in BRICS economies over the period 2002–2023. Using a Pooled Mean Group Autoregressive Distributed Lag (PMG-ARDL) approach, complemented by FMOLS and CCR robustness estimators, the results show that agricultural productivity significantly increases long-run environmental pollution, reflecting the environmental cost of agricultural intensification. In contrast, green energy adoption and governance quality exert strong and consistent pollution-mitigating effects, underscoring their central role in promoting environmental sustainability. Overall, the findings emphasize that long-run structural factors dominate environmental outcomes in emerging agricultural economies. The study provides policy-relevant insights for advancing low-carbon and sustainable agricultural development in BRICS countries.

Suggested Citation

  • Hadda, kilani & Mohamed, Ben AMAR, 2025. "Agricultural Productivity, Green energy, Governance quality and Environmental Degradation in BRICS Economies : Evidence from a PMG-ARDL Analysis," MPRA Paper 127353, University Library of Munich, Germany, revised 20 Dec 2025.
    • Handle: RePEc:pra:mprapa:127353
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    Keywords

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    JEL classification:

    • Q18 - Agricultural and Natural Resource Economics; Environmental and Ecological Economics - - Agriculture - - - Agricultural Policy; Food Policy; Animal Welfare Policy
    • Q28 - Agricultural and Natural Resource Economics; Environmental and Ecological Economics - - Renewable Resources and Conservation - - - Government Policy
    • Q47 - Agricultural and Natural Resource Economics; Environmental and Ecological Economics - - Energy - - - Energy Forecasting

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