L'immigration et les Revenus Relatifs des Femmes, des Jeunes et des Personnes peu Scolarisees au Canada

The purpose of this paper is to examine the impact of immigration on the market of some disadvantaged groups of Canadian workers, i.e., women, younger workers, and workers with low levels of schooling. The analysis is done with the micro-data from the 1981 and 1986 Canadian Censuses. Based on their distribution by industry and occupation, recent immigrants are more likely to compete with the disadvantaged groups of Canadian workers than with advantaged ones. However, an analysis of relative earnings by region shows that the relationship between the earnings differentials and the proportion of immigrants is not the same for all the disadvantaged groups. In particular, earnings differentials between men and women tend to be lower in the regions with a high proportion of immigrants than in those with a low proportion. Thus, immigration does not seem to have a negative impact on women's labour market and may even have a positive one. In contrast, earnings differentials between younger and prime age males are larger in the regions with a high proportion of immigrants than in those with a low proportion. Thus, immigration may have affected negatively the economic position of younger males, although other factors may have played a role as well. Le but de cette étude est d’examiner l’effet de l’immigration sur le marché de certains groupes de travailleurs canadiens désavantagés, soit les femmes, les jeunes travailleurs et les travailleurs peu scolarisés. L’analyse est faite à partir de micro-données des recensements de 1981 et 1986. Sur la base de leur répartition par secteur d’activité et par profession, les immigrants récents sont plus susceptibles d’être en concurrence avec les travailleurs canadiens désavantagés qu’avec les travailleurs avantagés. Cependant, une analyse des revenus de travail relatifs selon la région montre que la relation entre les écarts de revenus et la proportion d’immigrants n’est pas la même pour tous les groupes désavantagés. Plus particulièremen(This abstract was borrowed from another version of this item.)