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Highly Engaged but Burned Out: Intra-Individual Profiles in the US Workforce

Author

Listed:
  • Moeller, Julia

    (University of Helsinki)

  • Ivcevic, Zorana
  • White, Arielle E.
  • Menges, Jochen
  • Brackett, Marc A.

Abstract

Purpose: This study used the job demands-resources model to investigate intra-individual engagement–burnout profiles, and demands–resources profiles. Methodology: A representative sample of the U.S. workforce was surveyed online. Latent profile analysis (LPA) and configural frequency analysis examined intra-individual profiles and their inter-relations. Findings: A negative inter-individual correlation between engagement and burnout suggested that burnout tends to be lower when engagement is high, but intra-individual analyses identified both aligned engagement–burnout profiles (high, moderate, and low on both variables), and discrepant profiles (high engagement–low burnout; high burnout–low engagement). High engagement and burnout co-occurred in 18.8% of workers. These workers reported strong mixed (positive and negative) emotions and intended to leave their organization. Another LPA identified three demands–resources profiles: (1) low demands–low resources, but moderate self-efficacy, (2) low workload and bureaucracy demands but moderate information processing demands–high resources, and (3) high demands–high resources. Workers with high engagement–high burnout profiles often reported high demands–high resources profiles. In contrast, workers with high engagement–low burnout profiles often reported profiles of high resources, moderate information processing demands, and low other demands. Originality/value: This study examined the intersection of intra-individual engagement–burnout profiles and demands–resources profiles. Previous studies examined only one of these sides or relied on inter-individual analyses. Interestingly, many employees appear to be optimally engaged while they are burned-out and considering to leave their jobs. Demands and resources facets were distinguished in the LPA, revealing that some demands were associated with resources and engagement.

Suggested Citation

  • Moeller, Julia & Ivcevic, Zorana & White, Arielle E. & Menges, Jochen & Brackett, Marc A., 2018. "Highly Engaged but Burned Out: Intra-Individual Profiles in the US Workforce," OSF Preprints h6qnf, Center for Open Science.
    • Handle: RePEc:osf:osfxxx:h6qnf
    DOI: 10.31219/osf.io/h6qnf
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Marianna Virtanen & Stephen A Stansfeld & Rebecca Fuhrer & Jane E Ferrie & Mika Kivimäki, 2012. "Overtime Work as a Predictor of Major Depressive Episode: A 5-Year Follow-Up of the Whitehall II Study," PLOS ONE, Public Library of Science, vol. 7(1), pages 1-5, January.
    2. Stock, Ruth, 2015. "Is Boreout a Threat to Frontline Employees’ Innovative Work Behavior?," Publications of Darmstadt Technical University, Institute for Business Studies (BWL) 76766, Darmstadt Technical University, Department of Business Administration, Economics and Law, Institute for Business Studies (BWL).
    3. Wilmar Schaufeli & Marisa Salanova & Vicente González-romá & Arnold Bakker, 2002. "The Measurement of Engagement and Burnout: A Two Sample Confirmatory Factor Analytic Approach," Journal of Happiness Studies, Springer, vol. 3(1), pages 71-92, March.
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    2. Ivan Marzocchi & Valerio Ghezzi & Cristina Di Tecco & Matteo Ronchetti & Valeria Ciampa & Ilaria Olivo & Claudio Barbaranelli, 2023. "Demand–Resource Profiles and Job Satisfaction in the Healthcare Sector: A Person-Centered Examination Using Bayesian Informative Hypothesis Testing," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 20(2), pages 1-21, January.
    3. Pedro Ferreira & Carla Gabriel & Sílvia Faria & Pedro Rodrigues & Manuel Sousa Pereira, 2020. "What if Employees Brought Their Life to Work? The Relation of Life Satisfaction and Work Engagement," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 12(7), pages 1-12, March.
    4. Oluwafemi & Olaoluwa J. & Okon & Samuel Essien, 2018. "The Nexus Between Total Quality Management, Job Satisfaction And Employee Work Engagement In The Food And Beverage Multinational Company In Nigeria," Organizations and Markets in Emerging Economies, Faculty of Economics, Vilnius University, vol. 9(2).
    5. Pablo González-Rico & Eloísa Guerrero-Barona & Maria José Chambel & Mónica Guerrero-Molina, 2022. "Well-Being at Work: Burnout and Engagement Profiles of University Workers," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(23), pages 1-15, November.

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