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Knowledge Commons

Author

Listed:
  • Madison, Michael J

    (University of Pittsburgh)

  • Frischmann, Brett M.
  • Strandburg, Katherine J.

Abstract

This chapter describes methods for systematically studying knowledge commons as an institutional mode of governance of knowledge and information resources, including references to adjacent but distinct approaches to research that looks primarily to the role(s) of intellectual property systems in institutional contexts concerning innovation and creativity. Knowledge commons refers to an institutional approach (commons) to governing the production, use, management, and/or preservation of a particular type of resource (knowledge or information, including resources linked to innovative and creative practice). Commons refers to a form of community management or governance. It applies to a resource, and it involves a group or community of people who share access to and/or use of the resource. Commons does not denote the resource, the community, a place, or a thing. Commons is the institutional arrangement of these elements and their coordination via combinations of law and other formal rules; social norms, customs, and informal discipline; and technological and other material constraints. Community or collective self-governance of the resource, by individuals who collaborate or coordinate among themselves effectively, is a key feature of commons as an institution, but self-governance may be and often is linked to other formal and informal governance mechanisms. For purposes of this chapter, knowledge refers to a broad set of intellectual and cultural resources. There are important differences between various resources captured by such a broad definition. For example, knowledge, information, and data may be different from each other in meaningful ways. But an inclusive term is necessary in order to permit knowledge commons researchers to capture and study a broad and inclusive range of commons institutions and to highlight the importance of examining knowledge commons governance as part of dynamic, ecological contexts

Suggested Citation

  • Madison, Michael J & Frischmann, Brett M. & Strandburg, Katherine J., 2017. "Knowledge Commons," LawRxiv ftqyw, Center for Open Science.
    • Handle: RePEc:osf:lawarx:ftqyw
    DOI: 10.31228/osf.io/ftqyw
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Bertacchini Enrico & De Mot Jef P.B. & Depoorter Ben, 2009. "Never Two Without Three: Commons, Anticommons and Semicommons," Review of Law & Economics, De Gruyter, vol. 5(1), pages 163-176, April.
    2. Frischmann, Brett M., 2013. "Infrastructure: The Social Value of Shared Resources," OUP Catalogue, Oxford University Press, number 9780199975501.
    3. Smith, Henry E, 2000. "Semicommon Property Rights and Scattering in the Open Fields," The Journal of Legal Studies, University of Chicago Press, vol. 29(1), pages 131-169, January.
    4. Wilson, James A. & Acheson, James M. & Johnson, Teresa R., 2013. "The cost of useful knowledge and collective action in three fisheries," Ecological Economics, Elsevier, vol. 96(C), pages 165-172.
    5. Frischmann, Brett M., 2013. "Two enduring lessons from Elinor Ostrom," Journal of Institutional Economics, Cambridge University Press, vol. 9(4), pages 387-406, December.
    6. Enrico Bertacchini & Giangiacomo Bravo & Massimo Marrelli & Walter Santagata, 2012. "Cultural Commons: A New Perspective on the Production and Evolution of Cultures," Chapters, in: Enrico Bertacchini & Giangiacomo Bravo & Massimo Marrelli & Walter Santagata (ed.), Cultural Commons, chapter 13, Edward Elgar Publishing.
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    Cited by:

    1. Brett M. Frischmann & Alain Marciano & Giovanni Battista Ramello, 2019. "Retrospectives: Tragedy of the Commons after 50 Years," Journal of Economic Perspectives, American Economic Association, vol. 33(4), pages 211-228, Fall.

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