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Moving Backward or Forward? Robots and Value Capture in the Automotive Global Value Chains

Author

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  • Hoda Mohamed

    (Friedrich Schiller University Jena)

Abstract

How the use of industrial robots affects value capture in fragmented global production networks, represented by global value chains (GVCs), remains an open question. I focus on the automotive industry - the largest consumer of industrial robots and one of the most traded manufacturing industries - to examine how robot adoption affects value capture through backward and forward GVC participation. In addition, I assess how automation shapes an industry’s position within the value chain, using upstreamness as a proxy. Using data from OECD TiVa, OECD ICIO, and IFR for 56 countries and 14 manufacturing industries from 1997 to 2017, I apply OLS, OLS-IV, and Poisson pseudo maximum likelihood fixed effects models to analyze the impact of automation on GVC integration. My findings reveal that robot adoption significantly increases forward GVC participation, particularly among factory economies, while also driving higher upstreamness. These results indicate that robots enable industries to capture more value in GVCs while maintaining their upstream positions in GVCs, which are symbolized by forward linkages and trade in intermediate goods.

Suggested Citation

  • Hoda Mohamed, 2025. "Moving Backward or Forward? Robots and Value Capture in the Automotive Global Value Chains," Jena Economics Research Papers 2025-005, Friedrich-Schiller-University Jena.
    • Handle: RePEc:jrp:jrpwrp:2025-0005
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    File URL: https://oweb.b67.uni-jena.de/Papers/jerp2023/wp_2025_005.pdf
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    More about this item

    Keywords

    robots; global value chains; automotive; trade in value-added;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • F14 - International Economics - - Trade - - - Empirical Studies of Trade
    • O14 - Economic Development, Innovation, Technological Change, and Growth - - Economic Development - - - Industrialization; Manufacturing and Service Industries; Choice of Technology
    • L62 - Industrial Organization - - Industry Studies: Manufacturing - - - Automobiles; Other Transportation Equipment; Related Parts and Equipment

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