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Residential electricity load profiles and their determinants: A cluster analysis of smart meter data

Author

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  • Valentin Favre-Bulle
  • Sylvain Weber

Abstract

We analyse two years of hourly electricity consumption data from approximately 4,000 households. Using cluster analyses, we identify three segments with distinct daily load profiles. Using multinomial logit models, we then explore how dwelling characteristics (e.g., heat pumps, photovoltaic panels, appliance usage) and socio- demographic variables (.e.g., employment status and age) influence cluster member- ship. Dwelling characteristics primarily distinguish low- and high-consumption house- holds, while socio-demographic factors further differentiate among remaining groups. These insights support targeted demand-side policies and enable providers to imple- ment tailored dynamic pricing strategies.

Suggested Citation

  • Valentin Favre-Bulle & Sylvain Weber, 2026. "Residential electricity load profiles and their determinants: A cluster analysis of smart meter data," IRENE Working Papers 26-03, IRENE Institute of Economic Research.
    • Handle: RePEc:irn:wpaper:26-03
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    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Viegas, Joaquim L. & Vieira, Susana M. & Melício, R. & Mendes, V.M.F. & Sousa, João M.C., 2016. "Classification of new electricity customers based on surveys and smart metering data," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 107(C), pages 804-817.
    2. Beckel, Christian & Sadamori, Leyna & Staake, Thorsten & Santini, Silvia, 2014. "Revealing household characteristics from smart meter data," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 78(C), pages 397-410.
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    Keywords

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    JEL classification:

    • Q41 - Agricultural and Natural Resource Economics; Environmental and Ecological Economics - - Energy - - - Demand and Supply; Prices
    • D12 - Microeconomics - - Household Behavior - - - Consumer Economics: Empirical Analysis
    • C38 - Mathematical and Quantitative Methods - - Multiple or Simultaneous Equation Models; Multiple Variables - - - Classification Methdos; Cluster Analysis; Principal Components; Factor Analysis
    • L94 - Industrial Organization - - Industry Studies: Transportation and Utilities - - - Electric Utilities
    • Q48 - Agricultural and Natural Resource Economics; Environmental and Ecological Economics - - Energy - - - Government Policy

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