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Modelo Espacial Simples de uma Economia com Agentes: uma proposta metodológica

Author

Listed:
  • Bernardo Alves Furtado
  • Isaque Daniel Eberhardt

Abstract

Este texto simula a evolução de economias artificiais no intuito de compreender a relevância tributária de limites administrativos na qualidade de vida de seus habitantes. A modelagem consiste na construção de algoritmo computacional cujo desenho contemple cidadãos, organizados em famílias, assim como firmas e governos que interagem nos mercados de bens, de trabalho e imobiliário. O mercado imobiliário permite que as famílias se mudem para domicílios com maior qualidade ou menor preço quando capitalizam a valorização dos terrenos. O mercado de bens comporta a busca do consumidor em número flexível de firmas, escolhendo por preço e proximidade. O mercado de trabalho é dado por processo de pareamento entre firmas (dada sua localização e o salário ofertado) e candidatos, de acordo com sua qualificação. O governo pode se configurar em uma região única ou em quatro ou sete governos subnacionais distintos, porém conurbados economicamente. O papel do governo é coletar impostos sobre o valor de venda das firmas no seu território e aplicá-los na melhoria da qualidade de vida dos habitantes. Este texto apresenta algumas ilustrações realizadas a partir de uma economia aleatória. Nessa configuração os limites administrativos parecem ser relevantes para os níveis de qualidade de vida advinda da inversão dos tributos. Nesse caso, o recorte com sete regiões é mais dinâmico, porém mais desigual e heterogêneo entre as regiões. O recorte com região única é homogeneamente mais pobre. O trabalho busca contribuir como referência metodológica para descrever, operacionalizar e testar modelos computacionais de análise de finanças públicas, com viés explicitamente espacial e dinâmico. Várias alternativas de expansão do modelo para objetos de pesquisa próximos são relatadas. This study simulates the evolution of artificial economies in order to understand the tax relevance of administrative boundaries in the quality of life of its citizens. The modeling involves the construction of a computational algorithm, which includes citizens, bounded into families; firms and governments; all of them interacting in markets for goods, labor and real estate. The real estate market allows families to move to households with higher quality or lower price when the families capitalize property values. The goods market allows consumers to search on a flexible number of firms choosing by price and proximity. The labor market entails a matching process between firms (given its location and offered wage) and candidates, according to their qualification. The government may mbe configured into a single region, or four or seven distinct sub-national governments, which are all economically conurbated. The role of government is to collect taxes on the value added of firms in its territory and transform the taxes into higher levels of quality of life for residents. As an illustration of the model the text suggests that the configuration of administrative boundaries is relevant to the levels of quality of life arising from the reversal of taxes. The model with seven regions is more dynamic, but more unequal and heterogeneous across regions. The simulation with only one region is more homogeneously poor. The study seeks to contribute to a theoretical and methodological framework and to describe, operationalize and test computer models of public finance analysis, with explicitly spatial and dynamic emphasis. Several alternatives of expansion of the model for future research are described.

Suggested Citation

  • Bernardo Alves Furtado & Isaque Daniel Eberhardt, 2016. "Modelo Espacial Simples de uma Economia com Agentes: uma proposta metodológica," Discussion Papers 2181, Instituto de Pesquisa Econômica Aplicada - IPEA.
  • Handle: RePEc:ipe:ipetds:2181
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    References listed on IDEAS

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