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Arbeits- und Lohnstückkostenentwicklung 2021

Author

Listed:
  • Alexander Herzog-Stein

    (Macroeconomic Policy Institute (IMK))

  • Friederike Kotthaus

    (Macroeconomic Policy Institute (IMK))

  • Ulrike Stein

    (Macroeconomic Policy Institute (IMK))

Abstract

Über den gesamten Verlauf der Covid-19-Pandemie in den Jahren 2020 und 2021 hat sich gezeigt, dass die wirtschaftliche Entwicklung in Europa durch die erfolgreichen Beschäftigungssicherungs- und Krisenprogramme weitgehend stabilisiert werden konnte. Die Beschäftigungssicherungsprogramme führten in einigen Ländern sogar zu einem zeitweiligen Rückgang der Lohnnebenkosten, sodass die Entwicklung der Lohnnebenkosten den Arbeitskostenanstieg im ersten Pandemiejahr deutlich dämpfte. Im zweiten Pandemiejahr kompensierte sich diese Entwicklung jedoch wieder. Insgesamt zeigt der Verlauf der Arbeits- und Lohnstückkosten ein typisches Krisenmuster. Während sie im ersten Krisenjahr noch stark anstiegen, fielen die Veränderungsraten im zweiten Pandemiejahr umso geringer aus, sodass im Durchschnitt der beiden Jahre eine unauffällige Entwicklung zu verzeichnen war und der Euroraum als Ganzes und insbesondere Deutschland nichts an Wettbewerbsfähigkeit eingebüßt haben. Auch während der Coronakrise drohte von Seiten der Lohnentwicklung keine Gefahr für die internationale Wettbewerbsfähigkeit. Vor dem Hintergrund der nicht absehbaren Folgen des Ukrainekriegs, den temporär hohen Preissteigerungsraten und den Herausforderungen der sozial-ökologischen Transformation wird es zukünftig darum gehen, sicherzustellen, dass der Euroraum und seine Mitgliedstaaten mehr als in der Vergangenheit von einer nachhaltigen und dynamischen binnenwirtschaftlichen Entwicklung getragen werden. Hierfür ist eine Lohnentwicklung unerlässlich, die sicherstellt, dass die Arbeitnehmerinnen und Arbeitnehmer auch in diesen Zeiten des Wandels ausreichend partizipieren. Dies kann aber die Lohnpolitik nicht allein leisten. Hier wird die Wirtschaftspolitik als Ganzes gefragt sein.

Suggested Citation

  • Alexander Herzog-Stein & Friederike Kotthaus & Ulrike Stein, 2022. "Arbeits- und Lohnstückkostenentwicklung 2021," IMK Report 176-2022, IMK at the Hans Boeckler Foundation, Macroeconomic Policy Institute.
  • Handle: RePEc:imk:report:176-2022
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    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Nora Albu, 2017. "Arbeitskosteneffekte des Vorleistungsverbundes der deutschen Industrie unter Berücksichtigung der Arbeitszeiten," IMK Studies 56-2017, IMK at the Hans Boeckler Foundation, Macroeconomic Policy Institute.
    2. Giulia Giupponi & Camille Landais & Alice Lapeyre, 2022. "Should We Insure Workers or Jobs during Recessions?," Journal of Economic Perspectives, American Economic Association, vol. 36(2), pages 29-54, Spring.
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