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An Unbiased Appraisal of Purchasing Power Parity

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  • Mr. C. John McDermott
  • Mr. Paul Cashin

Abstract

Univariate studies of the hypothesis of unit roots in real exchange rates have yielded consensus point estimates of the half-life of deviations from purchasing power parity of between three to five years. However, least squares-based estimates of half-lives are biased downward. Accordingly, we follow Andrews (1993) and use median-unbiased estimators of the half-life of deviations from parity as a preferred measure of the persistence of real exchange rate shocks. We study this issue using real effective exchange rate (REER) data for 22 industrial countries in the post-Bretton Woods period. Three methods of bias correction are implemented, which yield cross-country averages of half-lives of deviations from parity ranging between 4 to 15 years, with the REER of several countries displaying permanent deviations from parity.

Suggested Citation

  • Mr. C. John McDermott & Mr. Paul Cashin, 2001. "An Unbiased Appraisal of Purchasing Power Parity," IMF Working Papers 2001/196, International Monetary Fund.
    • Handle: RePEc:imf:imfwpa:2001/196
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    Cited by:

    1. Qian Chen & David E. Giles, 2007. "A Saddlepoint Approximation to the Distribution of the Half-Life Estimator in an Autoregressive Model: New Insights Into the PPP Puzzle," Econometrics Working Papers 0703, Department of Economics, University of Victoria.
    2. Levent, Korap, 2007. "Modeling purchasing power parity using co-integration: evidence from Turkey," MPRA Paper 19584, University Library of Munich, Germany.
    3. Fullerton Jr., Thomas M. & Fierro, Karen P. & Villalobos, Emmanuel, 2009. "Cross-border restaurant price and exchange rate interactions," The North American Journal of Economics and Finance, Elsevier, vol. 20(3), pages 281-288, December.
    4. Fallahi, Firouz & Karimi, Mohammad & Voia, Marcel-Cristian, 2016. "Persistence in world energy consumption: Evidence from subsampling confidence intervals," Energy Economics, Elsevier, vol. 57(C), pages 175-183.
    5. Fallahi, Firouz, 2017. "Stochastic convergence in per capita energy use in world," Energy Economics, Elsevier, vol. 65(C), pages 228-239.
    6. Arize, Augustine C. & Malindretos, John & Nam, Kiseok, 2010. "Cointegration, dynamic structure, and the validity of purchasing power parity in African countries," International Review of Economics & Finance, Elsevier, vol. 19(4), pages 755-768, October.
    7. Cuestas, Juan Carlos & Regis, Paulo José, 2013. "Purchasing power parity in OECD countries: Nonlinear unit root tests revisited," Economic Modelling, Elsevier, vol. 32(C), pages 343-346.
    8. Aviral Tiwari & Muhammad Shahbaz, 2014. "Revisiting Purchasing Power Parity for India using threshold cointegration and nonlinear unit root test," Economic Change and Restructuring, Springer, vol. 47(2), pages 117-133, May.
    9. Shiu-Sheng Chen & Charles Engel, 2004. "Does "Aggregation Bias" Explain the PPP Puzzle?," NBER Working Papers 10304, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc.
    10. Paul Cashin & C. John McDermott, 2006. "Parity Reversion in Real Exchange Rates: Fast, Slow, or Not at All?," IMF Staff Papers, Palgrave Macmillan, vol. 53(1), pages 1-5.
    11. Joseph Kargbo, 2006. "Purchasing Power Parity and real exchange rate behaviour in Africa," Applied Financial Economics, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 16(1-2), pages 169-183.
    12. Levent, Korap, 2007. "Information content of exchange rate volatility: Turkish experience," MPRA Paper 19598, University Library of Munich, Germany.
    13. Jean Imbs & Haroon Mumtaz & Morten O. Ravn & Hélène Rey, 2005. "PPP Strikes Back: Aggregation And the Real Exchange Rate," The Quarterly Journal of Economics, President and Fellows of Harvard College, vol. 120(1), pages 1-43.
    14. Irfan Civcir, 2003. "Before the Fall, Was the Turkish Lira Overvalued?," Eastern European Economics, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 41(2), pages 69-99, March.
    15. Alberola, Enrique & Lopez, Humberto & Serven, Luis, 2004. "Tango with the Gringo: the hard peg and real misalignment in Argentina," Policy Research Working Paper Series 3322, The World Bank.
    16. Vatter, Marc H., 2017. "OPEC's kinked demand curve," Energy Economics, Elsevier, vol. 63(C), pages 272-287.
    17. Ms. Jayasri Dutta, 2002. "Dread of Depreciation: Measuring Real Exchange Rate Interventions," IMF Working Papers 2002/063, International Monetary Fund.
    18. World Bank, 2003. "Brazil : Stability for Growth and Poverty Reduction," World Bank Publications - Reports 14881, The World Bank Group.
    19. Emilio Pineda & Mr. Paul Cashin & Ms. Yan M Sun, 2009. "Assessing Exchange Rate Competitiveness in the Eastern Caribbean Currency Union," IMF Working Papers 2009/078, International Monetary Fund.
    20. Blanco-Gonzalez, Lorenzo & Fullerton, Thomas Jr., 2006. "Borderplex menu evidence for the law of one price," Economics Letters, Elsevier, vol. 90(1), pages 28-33, January.
    21. Levent, Korap, 2007. "Analyzing CBRT's FOREX interventions using EGARCH (2001-2006)," MPRA Paper 20634, University Library of Munich, Germany.
    22. Joseph Kargbo, 2011. "Capital flows, real exchange rate misalignment and PPP tests in emerging market countries," Applied Economics, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 43(15), pages 1883-1897.
    23. Susan Thorp, 2005. "‘That Courage is not Inconsistent with Caution’: Currency Hedging for Superannuation Funds," The Economic Record, The Economic Society of Australia, vol. 81(252), pages 38-50, March.
    24. Susan Thorp, 2004. "That Courage is not inconsistent with Caution: Foreign Currency Hedging for Superannuation Funds," Econometric Society 2004 Australasian Meetings 148, Econometric Society.
    25. Blanco-Gonzalez, Lorenzo & Fullerton, Thomas M., Jr., 2008. "La Ley del Precio Unitario en la Zona Metropolitana Fronteriza [The Law of One Price in the Borderplex]," MPRA Paper 14687, University Library of Munich, Germany.

    More about this item

    Keywords

    WP; least squares; null hypothesis; time series; Median-unbiased estimation; purchasing power parity; shock persistence; LS estimate; least squares estimator; Phillips-perron estimate; interval estimate; point estimate; estimation procedure; least squares estimates of the Augmented Dickey-Fuller; confidence interval from zero; LS counterpart; interval estimation; unit root model; Real exchange rates; Real effective exchange rates; Exchange rates; Exchange rate modelling;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • C22 - Mathematical and Quantitative Methods - - Single Equation Models; Single Variables - - - Time-Series Models; Dynamic Quantile Regressions; Dynamic Treatment Effect Models; Diffusion Processes
    • F31 - International Economics - - International Finance - - - Foreign Exchange

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