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Urban car policy in Europe

Author

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  • Patrick Bonnel

    (LET - Laboratoire d'économie des transports - UL2 - Université Lumière - Lyon 2 - ENTPE - École Nationale des Travaux Publics de l'État - CNRS - Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique)

Abstract

All European countries are facing, to various degrees, the same difficulties as far as urban travel management is concerned. These problems are congestion, pollution, public deficits, etc. Their effects are tending to increase. In order to tackle these problems, the European countries have developed different strategies with various degrees of success, but none of them has really ever lived up to the inhabitants' expectations.In order to get a better idea of these different policies and their effects, we have chosen a number of cities in Europe. These cities are either representative of the type of policy which is carried out in the country or may be leaders in that field. We have chosen countries with relatively contrasted polices which can be described more or less as follows: - France (Lyon, Grenoble, Montpellier) the users have free choice as far as the mode of transport is concerned.- Great Britain (Cardiff, Liverpool) deregulation of public transport.- Italy (Bologna, Milan) car access to city centre forbidden.- Norway (Oslo) urban toll. - Switzerland (Bern, Zurich) use of cars restrained and public transport promoted.For each different city, we have gathered data on its urban travel management policy (public transportation, use of private cars, car parking). These data are analysed in respect with supply and demand, as well as a reference to economic, demographic and institutional contexts. Our article presented here will introduce the methodology used for this investigation, as well as the main results for each transport mode. Finally we will develop some of the main conclusions in term of urban travel policies.

Suggested Citation

  • Patrick Bonnel, 1995. "Urban car policy in Europe," Post-Print halshs-00140862, HAL.
    • Handle: RePEc:hal:journl:halshs-00140862
    DOI: 10.1016/0967-070X(95)91988-V
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Patrick Bonnel & Sophie Demanget & Jean-Luc Rabilloud & Benoît Thome, 1994. "Politiques de déplacements urbains en Europe. Analyse comparative : Espagne, France, Grande Bretagne, Italie, Norvège, Suisse," Working Papers halshs-00846691, HAL.
    2. Charles Raux & Eric Tabourin, 1991. "Les investissements en transports collectifs dans l'agglomération Lyonnaise : simulation des effets et risques financiers," Working Papers halshs-00911579, HAL.
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    Citations

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    Cited by:

    1. Timilsina, Govinda R. & Dulal, Hari B., 2009. "A review of regulatory instruments to control environmental externalities from the transport sector," Policy Research Working Paper Series 4867, The World Bank.
    2. Charles Raux, 1996. "Réduire ou repenser la mobilité urbaine quotidienne ?," Post-Print halshs-01735734, HAL.
    3. Timilsina, Govinda R. & Dulal, Hari B., 2008. "Fiscal policy instruments for reducing congestion and atmospheric emissions in the transport sector : a review," Policy Research Working Paper Series 4652, The World Bank.
    4. Almasri, Radwan & Muneer, Tariq & Cullinane, Kevin, 2011. "The effect of transport on air quality in urban areas of Syria," Energy Policy, Elsevier, vol. 39(6), pages 3605-3611, June.
    5. Patrick Bonnel & Pascal Pochet, 2002. "Analysis of principal trends of mobility related to location policy, car ownership, supply policy and ageing of population," Post-Print halshs-00088217, HAL.
    6. Densing, Martin & Turton, Hal & Bäuml, Georg, 2012. "Conditions for the successful deployment of electric vehicles – A global energy system perspective," Energy, Elsevier, vol. 47(1), pages 137-149.
    7. Timilsina, Govinda R. & Dulal, Hari B., 2009. "Regulatory instruments to control environmental externalities from the transport sector," European Transport \ Trasporti Europei, ISTIEE, Institute for the Study of Transport within the European Economic Integration, issue 41, pages 80-112.

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