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Réduire ou repenser la mobilité urbaine quotidienne ?

Author

Listed:
  • Charles Raux

    (LET - Laboratoire d'économie des transports - UL2 - Université Lumière - Lyon 2 - ENTPE - École Nationale des Travaux Publics de l'État - CNRS - Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique)

Abstract

INTRODUCTION - Comment orienter les comportements de mobilité quotidienne de manière à rendre celle-ci moins consommatrice de ressources environnementales ? Par consommation de ressources environnementales nous entendons les nuisances au cadre de vie et à l'environnement local et global, ainsi que les consommations d'espace et d'énergie par l'activité de transport. Il apparaît possible de jouer sur plusieurs tableaux : - « réorienter la demande de transport du véhicule routier individuel vers les modes plus économes en ressources consommées au voyageur-kilomètre ; - réduire les émissions produites par la filière du transport routier au moyen d'innovations technologiques et organisationnelles internes à cette filière ; - réduire ou au moins modérer la croissance des kilomètres parcourus par les véhicules motorisés. Nous focaliserons la discussion sur la mobilité quotidienne se déployant dans les zones urbaines et leurs aires dépendantes, là où vit la majeure partie de la population. Pourtant les déplacements urbains, au sens strict, et régionaux, qui prennent en compte l'émergence des régions urbaines, ne représentent qu'une partie des voyageurs-kilomètres (environ la moitié du total généré, tous modes terrestres et aériens confondus, en France, en 1990). L'importance de cette mobilité quotidienne en région urbaine et les marges de manœuvre qu'offrent les possibilités d'alternatives à l'automobile comme les transports collectifs et les modes de proximité (marche à pied et vélo) en font une cible d'action privilégiée. Ce rapport ne préjuge donc pas des actions complémentaires, mais probablement différentes, à mener par rapport à la mobilité d'affaires ou de loisirs à longue distance : ces dernières partagent souvent les mêmes infrastructures que la mobilité quotidienne, sans oublier le transport routier de marchandises.

Suggested Citation

  • Charles Raux, 1996. "Réduire ou repenser la mobilité urbaine quotidienne ?," Post-Print halshs-01735734, HAL.
    • Handle: RePEc:hal:journl:halshs-01735734
    Note: View the original document on HAL open archive server: https://shs.hal.science/halshs-01735734
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    File URL: https://shs.hal.science/halshs-01735734/document
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    References listed on IDEAS

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