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Réformer le système de remboursement pour les soins de ville, une analyse par microsimulation

Author

Listed:
  • Pierre-Yves Geoffard

    (PSE - Paris School of Economics - UP1 - Université Paris 1 Panthéon-Sorbonne - ENS-PSL - École normale supérieure - Paris - PSL - Université Paris Sciences et Lettres - EHESS - École des hautes études en sciences sociales - CNRS - Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique - INRAE - Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement - ENPC - École nationale des ponts et chaussées - IP Paris - Institut Polytechnique de Paris)

  • Grégoire de Lagasnerie

    (PSE - Paris School of Economics - UP1 - Université Paris 1 Panthéon-Sorbonne - ENS-PSL - École normale supérieure - Paris - PSL - Université Paris Sciences et Lettres - EHESS - École des hautes études en sciences sociales - CNRS - Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique - INRAE - Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement - ENPC - École nationale des ponts et chaussées - IP Paris - Institut Polytechnique de Paris)

Abstract

Les évolutions du système de remboursement des dépenses de soins par l'assurance publique ont progressivement diminué la couverture publique du risque maladie. Ce système laisse à la charge des assurés des sommes qui peuvent s'avérer importantes lorsque ceux-ci traversent des épisodes de maladie longs et coûteux, et parfois même lorsqu'ils bénéficient d'exonérations au titre d'une affection de longue durée. L'assurance complémentaire est de fait devenue nécessaire. Cependant, 7 % de la population ne jouit pas d'une telle assurance. Cet article étudie une réforme possible de l'assurance maladie obligatoire qui prend la forme d'un plafond annuel de la participation financière en soins de ville. Un tel plafond serait financé par l'instauration de franchises annuelles. Nous évaluons cette réforme à partir de micro-simulations appliquées aux données de l'enquête santé-soins médicaux 2003, appariée avec les données de remboursement du SNIIRAM. La grande taille de l'échantillon permet de simuler finement les participations financières aux dépenses de soins sous divers scénarios. Les résultats des simulations permettent alors de juger les différentes réformes du système de remboursement des dépenses de soins du point de vue de l'équité, de la couverture du risque financier, ainsi que de la faisabilité politique. Le plafond permet notamment une réelle amélioration de la prise en charge des patients ayant des dépenses importantes. Leur risque maladie et le risque de devoir payer une lourde participation financière sont en effet mieux couverts. Parallèlement, le système de remboursement devient plus équitable lorsque le plafond est fixé en proportion du revenu.

Suggested Citation

  • Pierre-Yves Geoffard & Grégoire de Lagasnerie, 2012. "Réformer le système de remboursement pour les soins de ville, une analyse par microsimulation," Post-Print hal-05551495, HAL.
  • Handle: RePEc:hal:journl:hal-05551495
    DOI: 10.3406/estat.2012.10019
    Note: View the original document on HAL open archive server: https://insee.hal.science/hal-05551495v1
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    References listed on IDEAS

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