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The Geography of Internet Infrastructure: An evolutionary simulation approach based on preferential attachment

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  • Sandra Vinciguerra
  • Koen Frenken
  • Marco Valente

Abstract

We model the evolution of infrastructure networks as a preferential attachment process. We assume that geographical distance and country borders provide barriers to link formation in infrastructure networks. The model is validated against empirical data on the European Internet infrastructure network covering 209 cities. We successfully simulate the average path length and average clustering coefficient of the observed network. Furthermore, the simulated network shows a significant correlation with the observed European Internet infrastructure network. We end with a discussion on the future uses of preferential attachment models in the light of the literature on world cities and global cities.

Suggested Citation

  • Sandra Vinciguerra & Koen Frenken & Marco Valente, 2010. "The Geography of Internet Infrastructure: An evolutionary simulation approach based on preferential attachment," Papers in Evolutionary Economic Geography (PEEG) 1006, Utrecht University, Department of Human Geography and Spatial Planning, Group Economic Geography, revised Apr 2010.
    • Handle: RePEc:egu:wpaper:1006
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    Cited by:

    1. Corinne Autant-Bernard & Cilem Selin Hazir, 2011. "Conceptualizing the Role of Geographical Proximity in Project Based R&D Networks: A Literature Survey," Post-Print halshs-00674345, HAL.
    2. Corinne Autant-Bernard & Cilem Selin Hazir, 2013. "Network Formation and Geography: Modelling Approaches, Underlying Conceptions, Recent and Promising Extensions," Post-Print halshs-00878953, HAL.
    3. Luqi Li & Ben Derudder & Wei Shen & Xiang Kong, 2022. "Exploring the dynamics of the disaggregated intercity corporate network in the Yangtze River Delta, China: a relational event approach," Journal of Geographical Systems, Springer, vol. 24(1), pages 115-140, January.
    4. Guo, Ying & Cao, Lingyan & Song, Ying & Wang, Yan & Li, Yongkui, 2022. "Understanding the formation of City-HSR network: A case study of Yangtze River Delta, China," Transport Policy, Elsevier, vol. 116(C), pages 315-326.
    5. Tom Broekel & Marcel Bednarz, 2018. "Disentangling link formation and dissolution in spatial networks: An Application of a Two-Mode STERGM to a Project-Based R&D Network in the German Biotechnology Industry," Networks and Spatial Economics, Springer, vol. 18(3), pages 677-704, September.
    6. Emmanouil Tranos & Peter Nijkamp, 2013. "The Death Of Distance Revisited: Cyber-Place, Physical And Relational Proximities," Journal of Regional Science, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 53(5), pages 855-873, December.
    7. Emmanouil Tranos & Peter Nijkamp, 2014. "Digital infrastructure and physical proximity," Chapters, in: André Torre & Frédéric Wallet (ed.), Regional Development and Proximity Relations, chapter 8, pages 267-290, Edward Elgar Publishing.
    8. Xingjian Liu & Ben Derudder & Yaolin Liu & Frank Witlox & Wei Shen, 2013. "A Stochastic Actor-Based Modelling of the Evolution of an Intercity Corporate Network," Environment and Planning A, , vol. 45(4), pages 947-966, April.
    9. Feng Zhen & Bo Wang & Zongcai Wei, 2015. "The rise of the internet city in China: Production and consumption of internet information," Urban Studies, Urban Studies Journal Limited, vol. 52(13), pages 2313-2329, October.
    10. Ben Derudder & Michael Timberlake & Frank Witlox, 2010. "Introduction: Mapping Changes in Urban Systems," Urban Studies, Urban Studies Journal Limited, vol. 47(9), pages 1835-1841, August.
    11. Nikolay A. Sluka & Vladimir S. Tikunov & Olga Yu. Chereshnia, 2019. "The Geographical Size Index for Ranking and Typology of Cities," Social Indicators Research: An International and Interdisciplinary Journal for Quality-of-Life Measurement, Springer, vol. 144(2), pages 981-997, July.
    12. Ducha, F.A. & Atman, A.P.F. & Bosco de Magalhães, A.R., 2021. "Information flux in complex networks: Path to stylized facts," Physica A: Statistical Mechanics and its Applications, Elsevier, vol. 566(C).
    13. Renato A. Orozco Pereira & Ben Derudder, 2010. "Determinants of Dynamics in the World City Network, 2000-2004," Urban Studies, Urban Studies Journal Limited, vol. 47(9), pages 1949-1967, August.
    14. Ben Derudder & Christof Parnreiter, 2014. "Introduction: The Interlocking Network Model for Studying Urban Networks: Outline, Potential, Critiques, and Ways Forward," Tijdschrift voor Economische en Sociale Geografie, Royal Dutch Geographical Society KNAG, vol. 105(4), pages 373-386, September.
    15. Christian Wichmann Matthiessen & Annette Winkel Schwarz & Søren Find, 2010. "World Cities of Scientific Knowledge: Systems, Networks and Potential Dynamics. An Analysis Based on Bibliometric Indicators," Urban Studies, Urban Studies Journal Limited, vol. 47(9), pages 1879-1897, August.
    16. Liu, Xingjian & Derudder, Ben & García, Cándida Gago, 2013. "Exploring the co-evolution of the geographies of air transport aviation and corporate networks," Journal of Transport Geography, Elsevier, vol. 30(C), pages 26-36.
    17. César Ducruet & Laurent Beauguitte, 2014. "Spatial Science and Network Science: Review and Outcomes of a Complex Relationship," Networks and Spatial Economics, Springer, vol. 14(3), pages 297-316, December.
    18. V. I. Blanutsa & K. A. Cherepanov, 2019. "Regional Information Flows: Existing and New Approaches to Geographical Study," Regional Research of Russia, Springer, vol. 9(1), pages 97-106, January.

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    More about this item

    Keywords

    complex networks; preferential attachment; geographical distance; average path length; average clustering coefficient; Quadratic Assignment Proecedure; Internet; world cities; global cities;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • C63 - Mathematical and Quantitative Methods - - Mathematical Methods; Programming Models; Mathematical and Simulation Modeling - - - Computational Techniques
    • O18 - Economic Development, Innovation, Technological Change, and Growth - - Economic Development - - - Urban, Rural, Regional, and Transportation Analysis; Housing; Infrastructure
    • R1 - Urban, Rural, Regional, Real Estate, and Transportation Economics - - General Regional Economics
    • L96 - Industrial Organization - - Industry Studies: Transportation and Utilities - - - Telecommunications

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