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The Capital Asset Pricing Model as a General Equilibrium with Incomplete Markets

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Abstract

We recast the capital asset pricing model (CAPM) in the broader context of general equilibrium with incomplete markets (GEI). In this setting we give proofs of three properties of CAPM equilibria: they are efficient, asset prices lie on a "security market line," and all agents hold the same two mutual funds. The first property requires a riskless asset, the latter two do not. We show that across all GEI only one of these three properties of equilibrium is generally valid: asset prices depend on covariances, not variances. We extend CAPM to many consumption goods in such a way that all three properties hold. But now the definition of a riskless asset depends on preferences and endowments, and so cannot be specified a priori.

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  • John Geanakoplos & Martin Shubik, 1989. "The Capital Asset Pricing Model as a General Equilibrium with Incomplete Markets," Cowles Foundation Discussion Papers 913, Cowles Foundation for Research in Economics, Yale University.
    • Handle: RePEc:cwl:cwldpp:913
    Note: CFP 759.
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    1. Hart, Oliver D., 1975. "On the optimality of equilibrium when the market structure is incomplete," Journal of Economic Theory, Elsevier, vol. 11(3), pages 418-443, December.
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    6. Bruce C. Greenwald & Joseph E. Stiglitz, 1984. "Pecuniary & Market Mediated Externalities: Towards a General Theory of the Welfare Economics & Economies with Imperfect Information & Incomplete Mrkts," NBER Working Papers 1304, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc.
    7. Cass, David & Stiglitz, Joseph E., 1970. "The structure of investor preferences and asset returns, and separability in portfolio allocation: A contribution to the pure theory of mutual funds," Journal of Economic Theory, Elsevier, vol. 2(2), pages 122-160, June.
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    Cited by:

    1. John Y. Campbell & Robert J. Shiller, 1996. "A Scorecard for Indexed Government Debt," NBER Chapters, in: NBER Macroeconomics Annual 1996, Volume 11, pages 155-208, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc.
    2. P. Herings & Felix Kubler, 2007. "Approximate CAPM When Preferences are CRRA," Computational Economics, Springer;Society for Computational Economics, vol. 29(1), pages 13-31, February.
    3. Csoka, Peter & Herings, P. Jean-Jacques & Koczy, Laszlo A., 2007. "Coherent measures of risk from a general equilibrium perspective," Journal of Banking & Finance, Elsevier, vol. 31(8), pages 2517-2534, August.
    4. John Geanakoplos, 2003. "The Ideal Inflation Indexed Bond and Irving Fisher's Impatience Theory of Interest in an Overlapping Generations World," Cowles Foundation Discussion Papers 1429, Cowles Foundation for Research in Economics, Yale University.
    5. Peter Bossaerts & Charles Plott & William R. Zame, 2005. "Prices and Portfolio Choices in Financial Markets: Theory and Experiments," UCLA Economics Working Papers 840, UCLA Department of Economics.
    6. Shiller, Robert J., 1999. "Social security and institutions for intergenerational, intragenerational, and international risk-sharing," Carnegie-Rochester Conference Series on Public Policy, Elsevier, vol. 50(1), pages 165-204, June.
    7. Herings, P.J.J. & Kubler, F., 1999. "The Robustness of the CAPM - A Computational Approach," Discussion Paper 1999-54, Tilburg University, Center for Economic Research.
    8. Powers, Michael R. & Shubik, Martin, 2001. "Toward a theory of reinsurance and retrocession," Insurance: Mathematics and Economics, Elsevier, vol. 29(2), pages 271-290, October.
    9. Gaël Giraud, 2004. "Walrasian non-tâtonnement with incomplete and imperfect markets," Cahiers de la Maison des Sciences Economiques b04119, Université Panthéon-Sorbonne (Paris 1).

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