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Aiuto esterno e strategia di sviluppo: quali errori hanno impedito il raggiungimento degli obiettivi prefissati in termini di sviluppo e riduzione della povert ?

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  • S. Valmori

Abstract

Negli anni 90 si verificato un progressivo trend discendente dell assistenza ufficiale allo sviluppo, conseguenza di una sorta di affaticamento da aiuto diffusasi tra i paesi del Nord1. Il dibattito sull efficacia degli aiuti ha registrato l intervento di posizioni molto diverse tra loro, mentre le ricerche econometriche utilizzate hanno portato a risultati contraddittori; nonostante ci , l evidenza dell analisi cross country mostra che in media i successi hanno pesato pi dei fallimenti, quindi si pu affermare che l aiuto ha funzionato bene. Come si spiega allora la drammatica situazione che met della popolazione mondiale sta vivendo? Come mai il bilancio di vent anni di aggiustamento cos negativo, e la comunit internazionale non in grado di mantenere gli obiettivi fissati all interno della strategia di riduzione della povert decisa nelle sedi istituzionali? Attraverso l analisi dei dati e dei documenti di valutazione delle istituzioni internazionali, si giunge alla conclusione che mancato un reale impegno da parte dei paesi del Nord e della comunit internazionale ad affrontare il fenomeno della povert mondiale, nonch la disponibilit all erogazione delle risorse necessarie, mentre le strategie elaborate sono state fortemente insufficienti e inadeguate rispetto all obiettivo a lungo termine di sradicamento della povert . La posizione espressa dal Genoa Non Governmental Iniziative molto netta: necessario affrontare in modo urgente il problema con una strategia che consideri prioritario l obiettivo di medio termine di riduzione della povert , definita ed implementata dai paesi del Sud con l aiuto e la collaborazione reale dei paesi del Nord, ma soprattutto fondamentale rivedere il fenomeno della globalizzazione mondiale, strettamente legato con quello della povert .

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  • S. Valmori, 2002. "Aiuto esterno e strategia di sviluppo: quali errori hanno impedito il raggiungimento degli obiettivi prefissati in termini di sviluppo e riduzione della povert ?," Working Papers 439, Dipartimento Scienze Economiche, Universita' di Bologna.
  • Handle: RePEc:bol:bodewp:439
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