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Environmental factors and capital flows to emerging markets

Author

Listed:
  • José Aurazo
  • Rafael Guerra
  • Pablo Tomasini
  • Alexandre Tombini
  • Christian Upper

Abstract

This paper examines the impact of environmental factors on international capital flows – specifically portfolio, bank, and foreign direct investment (FDI) inflows – to emerging market economies (EMEs). Using two complementary approaches, we first analyse how recipient country factors influence capital flows for 21 EMEs, finding that EMEs with lower exposure to extreme weather events, a greener energy mix, more and stronger climate-related policies tend to attract greater capital inflows. Second, using bilateral data for FDI and bank flows, we explore the role of sending country factors (advanced economies, AEs) in determining capital inflows to EMEs. The results suggest that stricter environmental regulations in AEs lead to increased capital inflows to EMEs with weaker green regulations. This suggests an "emission shifting" effect. At the same time, though, they also route more investment to EMEs with a greener energy mix. These findings underscore the significance of environmental factors in shaping international capital flows.

Suggested Citation

  • José Aurazo & Rafael Guerra & Pablo Tomasini & Alexandre Tombini & Christian Upper, 2025. "Environmental factors and capital flows to emerging markets," BIS Working Papers 1308, Bank for International Settlements.
    • Handle: RePEc:bis:biswps:1308
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    JEL classification:

    • F21 - International Economics - - International Factor Movements and International Business - - - International Investment; Long-Term Capital Movements
    • F23 - International Economics - - International Factor Movements and International Business - - - Multinational Firms; International Business
    • F64 - International Economics - - Economic Impacts of Globalization - - - Environment

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