IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/p/arx/papers/2501.11578.html

Loss of earning capacity in Denmark -- an actuarial perspective

Author

Listed:
  • C. Furrer
  • O. L. Sandqvist

Abstract

We describe challenges and opportunities related to risk assessment and mitigation for loss of earning capacity insurance with a special focus on Denmark. The presence of public benefits, claim settlement processes, and prevention initiatives introduces significant intricacy to the risk landscape. Accommodating this requires the development of innovative approaches from researchers and practitioners alike. Actuaries are uniquely positioned to lead the way, leveraging their domain knowledge and mathematical-statistical expertise to develop equitable, data-driven solutions that mitigate risk and enhance societal well-being.

Suggested Citation

  • C. Furrer & O. L. Sandqvist, 2025. "Loss of earning capacity in Denmark -- an actuarial perspective," Papers 2501.11578, arXiv.org, revised Jun 2026.
    • Handle: RePEc:arx:papers:2501.11578
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: https://arxiv.org/pdf/2501.11578
    File Function: Latest version
    Download Restriction: no
    ---><---

    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Stephan M. Bischofberger & Munir Hiabu & Alex Isakson, 2020. "Continuous chain-ladder with paid data," Scandinavian Actuarial Journal, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 2020(6), pages 477-502, July.
    2. Crevecoeur, Jonas & Robben, Jens & Antonio, Katrien, 2022. "A hierarchical reserving model for reported non-life insurance claims," Insurance: Mathematics and Economics, Elsevier, vol. 104(C), pages 158-184.
    3. Gauchon, Romain & Loisel, Stéphane & Rullière, Jean-Louis & Trufin, Julien, 2020. "Optimal prevention strategies in the classical risk model," Insurance: Mathematics and Economics, Elsevier, vol. 91(C), pages 202-208.
    4. Helena Aro & Boualem Djehiche & Björn Löfdahl, 2015. "Stochastic modelling of disability insurance in a multi-period framework," Scandinavian Actuarial Journal, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 2015(1), pages 88-106, January.
    5. Łukasz Delong & Mathias Lindholm & Mario V. Wüthrich, 2022. "Collective reserving using individual claims data," Scandinavian Actuarial Journal, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 2022(1), pages 1-28, January.
    6. repec:cup:astinb:v:23:y:1993:i:01:p:95-115_00 is not listed on IDEAS
    7. Marcus Christiansen, 2012. "Multistate models in health insurance," AStA Advances in Statistical Analysis, Springer;German Statistical Society, vol. 96(2), pages 155-186, June.
    8. repec:cup:bracjl:v:24:y:2019:i::p:-_24 is not listed on IDEAS
    9. repec:cup:astinb:v:26:y:1996:i:02:p:139-164_00 is not listed on IDEAS
    10. Bratsberg, Bernt & Fevang, Elisabeth & Røed, Knut, 2013. "Job loss and disability insurance," Labour Economics, Elsevier, vol. 24(C), pages 137-150.
    11. Djehiche, Boualem & Löfdahl, Björn, 2014. "Risk aggregation and stochastic claims reserving in disability insurance," Insurance: Mathematics and Economics, Elsevier, vol. 59(C), pages 100-108.
    12. Ehrlich, Isaac & Becker, Gary S, 1972. "Market Insurance, Self-Insurance, and Self-Protection," Journal of Political Economy, University of Chicago Press, vol. 80(4), pages 623-648, July-Aug..
    13. Katrien Antonio & Richard Plat, 2014. "Micro-level stochastic loss reserving for general insurance," Scandinavian Actuarial Journal, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 2014(7), pages 649-669.
    14. W. J. Wouter Botzen & Howard Kunreuther & Erwann Michel-Kerjan, 2019. "Protecting against disaster risks: Why insurance and prevention may be complements," Journal of Risk and Uncertainty, Springer, vol. 59(2), pages 151-169, October.
    15. repec:cup:bracjl:v:24:y:2019:i::p:-_22 is not listed on IDEAS
    16. Kristian Buchardt & Christian Furrer & Oliver Lunding Sandqvist, 2022. "Transaction time models in multi-state life insurance," Papers 2209.06902, arXiv.org, revised Feb 2023.
    17. Norberg, Ragnar, 1999. "Prediction of Outstanding Liabilities II. Model Variations and Extensions," ASTIN Bulletin, Cambridge University Press, vol. 29(1), pages 5-25, May.
    18. Romain Gauchon & Stéphane Loisel & Jean-Louis Rulliere & Julien Trufin, 2021. "Optimal prevention of large risks with two types of claims," Scandinavian Actuarial Journal, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 2021(4), pages 323-334, April.
    19. Kristian Buchardt & Christian Furrer & Oliver Lunding Sandqvist, 2023. "Transaction time models in multi-state life insurance," Scandinavian Actuarial Journal, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 2023(10), pages 974-999, November.
    20. Segerer, Gunther, 1993. "The actuarial treatment of the disability risk in Germany, Austria and Switzerland," Insurance: Mathematics and Economics, Elsevier, vol. 13(2), pages 131-140, November.
    21. Oliver Lunding Sandqvist, 2023. "A multistate approach to disability insurance reserving with information delays," Papers 2312.14324, arXiv.org, revised Jan 2025.
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Most related items

    These are the items that most often cite the same works as this one and are cited by the same works as this one.
    1. Oliver Lunding Sandqvist, 2023. "A multistate approach to disability insurance reserving with information delays," Papers 2312.14324, arXiv.org, revised Jan 2025.
    2. Kristian Buchardt & Christian Furrer & Oliver Lunding Sandqvist, 2022. "Transaction time models in multi-state life insurance," Papers 2209.06902, arXiv.org, revised Feb 2023.
    3. Maegebier, Alexander, 2013. "Valuation and risk assessment of disability insurance using a discrete time trivariate Markov renewal reward process," Insurance: Mathematics and Economics, Elsevier, vol. 53(3), pages 802-811.
    4. Catalina Lozano-Murcia & Francisco P. Romero & Jesus Serrano-Guerrero & Arturo Peralta & Jose A. Olivas, 2024. "Potential Applications of Explainable Artificial Intelligence to Actuarial Problems," Mathematics, MDPI, vol. 12(5), pages 1-13, February.
    5. Sebastian Calcetero-Vanegas & Andrei L. Badescu & X. Sheldon Lin, 2023. "Claim Reserving via Inverse Probability Weighting: A Micro-Level Chain-Ladder Method," Papers 2307.10808, arXiv.org, revised Jun 2024.
    6. Jan Janoušek & Michal Pešta, 2025. "Bagging and regression trees in individual claims reserving," Statistical Papers, Springer, vol. 66(4), pages 1-26, June.
    7. Romain Gauchon & Stéphane Loisel & Jean-Louis Rullière & Julien Trufin, 2021. "Optimal prevention of large risks with two types of claims," Post-Print hal-02314914, HAL.
    8. Wing Fung Chong, 2026. "Strategic Risk Reduction: Self-Protection and Self-Insurance," Papers 2606.30363, arXiv.org, revised Jul 2026.
    9. Chen, Lv & Zhang, Yiying & Zhu, Xiaobai, 2026. "Self-protection and insurance demand under time-inconsistent mean–variance framework," European Journal of Operational Research, Elsevier, vol. 330(1), pages 199-216.
    10. Crevecoeur, Jonas & Antonio, Katrien & Desmedt, Stijn & Masquelein, Alexandre, 2023. "Bridging the gap between pricing and reserving with an occurrence and development model for non-life insurance claims," ASTIN Bulletin, Cambridge University Press, vol. 53(2), pages 185-212, May.
    11. Goldzahl, Léontine, 2017. "Contributions of risk preference, time orientation and perceptions to breast cancer screening regularity," Social Science & Medicine, Elsevier, vol. 185(C), pages 147-157.
    12. Avanzi, Benjamin & Taylor, Greg & Wong, Bernard & Yang, Xinda, 2021. "On the modelling of multivariate counts with Cox processes and dependent shot noise intensities," Insurance: Mathematics and Economics, Elsevier, vol. 99(C), pages 9-24.
    13. Christian Gollier & James Hammitt & Nicolas Treich, 2013. "Risk and choice: A research saga," Journal of Risk and Uncertainty, Springer, vol. 47(2), pages 129-145, October.
    14. Allen, W. David, 2013. "Self-protection against crime victimization: Theory and evidence from university campuses," International Review of Law and Economics, Elsevier, vol. 34(C), pages 21-33.
    15. Sergi Jiménez-Martín & Arnau Juanmarti Mestres & Judit Vall Castelló, 2019. "Great Recession and disability insurance in Spain," Empirical Economics, Springer, vol. 56(5), pages 1623-1645, May.
    16. Michael Grimm & Carole Treibich, 2013. "Why Do Some Bikers Wear a Helmet and Others Don't? Evidence from Delhi, India," AMSE Working Papers 1348, Aix-Marseille School of Economics, France, revised 10 Oct 2013.
    17. Heyes, Anthony & Rickman, Neil & Tzavara, Dionisia, 2004. "Legal expenses insurance, risk aversion and litigation," International Review of Law and Economics, Elsevier, vol. 24(1), pages 107-119, March.
    18. Mayrhofer, Thomas & Schmitz, Hendrik, 2025. "Prudence and prevention – empirical evidence," Economics Letters, Elsevier, vol. 257(C).
    19. Agnes Tomini, 2025. "Self-protection and self-insurance in an age of anxiety," AMSE Working Papers 2514, Aix-Marseille School of Economics, France.
    20. Agarwal, Sumit & Satyanarain, Rengarajan & Sing, Tien Foo & Vollmer, Derek, 2016. "Effects of construction activities on residential electricity consumption: Evidence from Singapore's public housing estates," Energy Economics, Elsevier, vol. 55(C), pages 101-111.

    More about this item

    Statistics

    Access and download statistics

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:arx:papers:2501.11578. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    If CitEc recognized a bibliographic reference but did not link an item in RePEc to it, you can help with this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: arXiv administrators (email available below). General contact details of provider: https://arxiv.org/ .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.