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Financial Constraints, Institutions, and Foreign Ownership

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Abstract

We develop a model of cross-border acquisitions in which the foreign acquirer's ownership choice reflects a trade-off between easing the target's credit constraints and the costs of operating in an environment with weak institutions. Data on domestic and foreign acquisitions in emerging markets over the period 1990-2007 support the model predictions. The share of full foreign acquisitions is higher in sectors more reliant on external finance, in countries with lower financial development, and in countries with higher institutional quality. Sectoral external finance dependence accentuates the effect of country-level financial development and institutional quality. By contrast, the level of foreign ownership in partial acquisitions is insensitive to institutional factors and depends weakly on financial factors.

Suggested Citation

  • Ron Alquist & Nicolas Berman & Rahul Mukherjee & Linda L. Tesar, 2018. "Financial Constraints, Institutions, and Foreign Ownership," AMSE Working Papers 1847, Aix-Marseille School of Economics, France.
    • Handle: RePEc:aim:wpaimx:1847
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    Cited by:

    1. Okara, Assi, 2023. "Does foreign direct investment promote political stability? Evidence from developing economies," Economic Modelling, Elsevier, vol. 123(C).
    2. Alamgir, Farzana & Cotoc, Johnny & Johri, Alok, 2023. "The bribe rate and long run differences in sovereign borrowing costs," Journal of Economic Dynamics and Control, Elsevier, vol. 151(C).
    3. Lorenzo Bencivelli & Beniamino Pisicoli, 2021. "Foreign investors and target firms’ financial structure: cavalry or locusts?," Temi di discussione (Economic working papers) 1327, Bank of Italy, Economic Research and International Relations Area.
    4. Li, Chang & Wang, Chu & Yang, Lianxing & Chu, Baoju, 2023. "Impact of cultural trade on foreign direct investment: Evidence from China," Emerging Markets Review, Elsevier, vol. 55(C).
    5. Mukherjee, Rahul & Proebsting, Christian, 2021. "Acquirers and financial constraints: Theory and evidence from emerging markets," Journal of International Money and Finance, Elsevier, vol. 117(C).
    6. Saussay, Aurélien & Sato, Misato, 2024. "The impact of energy prices on industrial investment location: Evidence from global firm level data," Journal of Environmental Economics and Management, Elsevier, vol. 127(C).
    7. Han, Wontae & Wang, Jian & Wang, Xiao, 2022. "FDI and firm productivity in host countries: The role of financial constraints," Journal of International Money and Finance, Elsevier, vol. 124(C).
    8. Genthner, Robert & Kis-Katos, Krisztina, 2022. "Foreign investment regulation and firm productivity: Granular evidence from Indonesia," Journal of Comparative Economics, Elsevier, vol. 50(3), pages 668-687.
    9. Delane Naidu & Ailie Charteris & Peter Moores‐Pitt, 2022. "The impact of foreign ownership on the performance of Johannesburg Stock Exchange‐listed firms: A blessing or a curse?," South African Journal of Economics, Economic Society of South Africa, vol. 90(1), pages 75-92, March.
    10. Ma, Huanyu & Hao, Dapeng, 2022. "Economic policy uncertainty, financial development, and financial constraints: Evidence from China," International Review of Economics & Finance, Elsevier, vol. 79(C), pages 368-386.
    11. Bai, Ye & Girma, Sourafel & Riaño, Alejandro, 2024. "Corporate acquisitions and firm-level uncertainty: Domestic versus cross-border deals," Journal of International Money and Finance, Elsevier, vol. 140(C).
    12. Lorenzo Bencivelli & Beniamino Pisicoli, 2022. "Foreign investors and target firms’ financial structure," International Economics, CEPII research center, issue 169, pages 230-251.
    13. Ahmad Maulin Naufa & Mamduh M. Hanafi & I Wayan Nuka Lantara, 2021. "Foreign Ownership, Stock Performance-Risk, And Macroeconomic Factors In Asean Countries," Bulletin of Monetary Economics and Banking, Bank Indonesia, vol. 24(1), pages 151-168, March.
    14. Tadashi Ito & Michael Ryan & Ayumu Tanaka, 2024. "FDI, financial constraint and partial ownership," The World Economy, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 47(7), pages 2789-2827, July.
    15. Wontae Han & Jian Wang & Xiao Wang, 2024. "Benefits of foreign direct investment subsidies: The role of funding sources," Pacific Economic Review, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 29(1), pages 88-126, February.
    16. Ding, Yibing & Zhang, Xiaojing & Liu, Ziwei, 2021. "Differences in returns to cross-border M&A in the short and long run: Evidence from Chinese listed firms," Journal of Asian Economics, Elsevier, vol. 74(C).
    17. Tamara Teplova & Tatiana Sokolova & Mariya Gubareva & Kristina Galenskaya & Andrey Teplov, 2020. "Perception and Drivers of Financial Constraints for the Sustainable Development," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 12(17), pages 1-29, September.
    18. Wang, Jian & Wu, Jason, 2021. "Is capital flow management effective? Evidence based on U.S. monetary policy shocks," Journal of International Money and Finance, Elsevier, vol. 118(C).
    19. Duanmu, Jing-Lin & Norbäck, Pehr-Johan & Lu, Jane Wenzhen & Clegg, Jeremy, 2022. "Contraction under minimum wages? Operational and financial advantages of multinational subsidiaries in China," International Business Review, Elsevier, vol. 31(2).
    20. Zhang, Yi & Roelfsema, Hein & Liu, Chun, 2024. "Political uncertainty and revenue sharing in international contracting," European Journal of Political Economy, Elsevier, vol. 85(C).

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    Keywords

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    JEL classification:

    • F21 - International Economics - - International Factor Movements and International Business - - - International Investment; Long-Term Capital Movements
    • F23 - International Economics - - International Factor Movements and International Business - - - Multinational Firms; International Business
    • G34 - Financial Economics - - Corporate Finance and Governance - - - Mergers; Acquisitions; Restructuring; Corporate Governance
    • L24 - Industrial Organization - - Firm Objectives, Organization, and Behavior - - - Contracting Out; Joint Ventures
    • L60 - Industrial Organization - - Industry Studies: Manufacturing - - - General

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