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Intellectual Property Rights and the Private Seed Industry

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  • Knudson, Mary
  • Hansen, LeRoy

Abstract

Laws protecting intellectual property rights encourage private sector seed research and development. This report examines the Plant-Variety Protection Act (the PVPA) of 1970 as well as the Plant Patent Act (PPA) of 1930 and other forms of research protection, such as utility patents (UP's) and trade secrecy. The report explores the relative profitability to farmers of using purchased seed rather than bin run seed (the previous year's harvest), since the use of purchased seed encourages private seed research and development. To compare profits, winter wheat yields are regressed against the source of seed and other variable inputs for three sections of the United States in 1986/87 and 1987/88. The results show that, on average, farmers who use bin run seed could increase yields by using purchased seed. Also, profits would probably increase both for farmers who begin purchasing seed and for the private seed research sector.

Suggested Citation

  • Knudson, Mary & Hansen, LeRoy, 1991. "Intellectual Property Rights and the Private Seed Industry," Agricultural Economic Reports 308158, United States Department of Agriculture, Economic Research Service.
    • Handle: RePEc:ags:uerser:308158
    DOI: 10.22004/ag.econ.308158
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Gallagher, Paul W. & Houck, James P., 1976. "The Price Responsiveness of U.S. Corn Yields," Staff General Research Papers Archive 12563, Iowa State University, Department of Economics.
    2. James P. Houck & Paul W. Gallagher, 1976. "The Price Responsiveness of U.S. Corn Yields," American Journal of Agricultural Economics, Agricultural and Applied Economics Association, vol. 58(4_Part_1), pages 731-734.
    3. Alain De Janvry, 1972. "Optimal Levels of Fertilization Under Risk: The Potential for Corn and Wheat Fertilization Under Alternative Price Policies in Argentina," American Journal of Agricultural Economics, Agricultural and Applied Economics Association, vol. 54(1), pages 1-10.
    4. Wallace E. Huffman, 1974. "Decision Making: The Role of Education," American Journal of Agricultural Economics, Agricultural and Applied Economics Association, vol. 56(1), pages 85-97.
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    Cited by:

    1. Caswell, Margriet F. & Fuglie, Keith O. & Klotz, Cassandra A., 1994. "Agricultural Biotechnology: An Economic Perspective," Agricultural Economic Reports 262025, United States Department of Agriculture, Economic Research Service.
    2. Lesser, William H., 2000. "An Economic Approach To Identifying An 'Effective Sui Generis System' For Plant Variety Protection Unders Trips," Transitions in Agbiotech: Economics of Strategy and Policy, June 24-25, 1999, Washington, D.C. 25996, Regional Research Project NE-165 Private Strategies, Public Policies, and Food System Performance.
    3. Thirtle, Colin G. & Srinivasan, Chittur S. & Heisey, Paul W., 2001. "Public Sector Plant Breeding In A Privatizing World," Agricultural Information Bulletins 33775, United States Department of Agriculture, Economic Research Service.
    4. Lesser, William H., 1997. "Assessing the Implications of IPR on Plant and Animal Agriculture," Staff Papers 121166, Cornell University, Department of Applied Economics and Management.
    5. Fernandez-Cornejo, Jorge, 2004. "The Seed Industry In U.S. Agriculture: An Exploration Of Data And Information On Crop Seed Markets, Regulation, Industry Structure, And Research And Development," Agricultural Information Bulletins 33671, United States Department of Agriculture, Economic Research Service.
    6. Frisvold, George B. & Condon, Peter T., 1998. "The convention on biological diversity and agriculture: Implications and unresolved debates1," World Development, Elsevier, vol. 26(4), pages 551-570, April.
    7. Huffman, Wallace, 2006. "Economics of Intellectual Property Rights in Plant Materials," Staff General Research Papers Archive 12583, Iowa State University, Department of Economics.
    8. Rangnekar, Dwijen, 2000. "Planned Obsolescence and Plant Breeding: Empirical Evidence from Wheat Breeding in the UK (1965-1995)," Economics Discussion Papers 2000-8, School of Economics, Kingston University London.

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