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The Short-Term Effects of the Kalamazoo Promise Scholarship on Student Outcomes

In: New Analyses of Worker Well-Being, Research in Labor Economics, Volume 38

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Abstract

In order to study whether college scholarships can be an effective tool in raising students’ performance in secondary school, we use one aspect of the Kalamazoo Promise that resembles a quasi-experiment. The surprise announcement of the scholarship created a large change in expected college tuition costs that varied across different groups of students based on past enrollment decisions. This variation is arguably exogenous to unobserved student characteristics. We estimate the effects of this change by a set of “difference-in-differences” regressions where we compare the change in student outcomes in secondary school across time for different student “length of enrollment” groups. We find positive effects of the Kalamazoo Promise on Promise-eligible students large enough to be deemed important—about a 9 percent increase in the probability of earning any credits and one less suspension day per year. We also find large increases in GPA among African American students.
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Suggested Citation

  • Timothy J. Bartik & Marta Lachowska, 2013. "The Short-Term Effects of the Kalamazoo Promise Scholarship on Student Outcomes," Book chapters authored by Upjohn Institute researchers, in: Soloman Polachek & Konstantinos Tatsiramos (ed.),New Analyses of Worker Well-Being, Research in Labor Economics, Volume 38, pages 37-76, W.E. Upjohn Institute for Employment Research.
    • Handle: RePEc:upj:uchaps:tjbml2013
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    Cited by:

    1. Steven W. Hemelt & Kevin M. Stange, 2016. "Marginal Pricing and Student Investment in Higher Education," Journal of Policy Analysis and Management, John Wiley & Sons, Ltd., vol. 35(2), pages 441-471, April.
    2. Timothy J. Bartik & Brad J. Hershbein & Marta Lachowska, 2015. "The Effects of the Kalamazoo Promise Scholarship on College Enrollment, Persistence, and Completion," Upjohn Working Papers 15-228, W.E. Upjohn Institute for Employment Research.
    3. Brad J. Hershbein, 2013. "A Second Look at Enrollment Changes after the Kalamazoo Promise," Upjohn Working Papers 13-200, W.E. Upjohn Institute for Employment Research.
    4. Ambrose Nnaemeka Omeje & Solomon Ogbonna Abugu, 2015. "The Impact of Scholarships on Students’ Academic Performance: A Case of Tertiary Institutions in Enugu State, Nigeria," Bulletin of Business and Economics (BBE), Research Foundation for Humanity (RFH), vol. 4(2), pages 93-104, June.
    5. Lindsay C. Page & Judith Scott-Clayton, 2015. "Improving College Access in the United States: Barriers and Policy Responses," NBER Working Papers 21781, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc.
    6. Bernal, Gloria L. & Penney, Jeffrey, 2019. "Scholarships and student effort: Evidence from Colombia’s Ser Pilo Paga program," Economics of Education Review, Elsevier, vol. 72(C), pages 121-130.
    7. Page, Lindsay C. & Scott-Clayton, Judith, 2016. "Improving college access in the United States: Barriers and policy responses," Economics of Education Review, Elsevier, vol. 51(C), pages 4-22.
    8. Michelle Miller-Adams & Bridget Timmeney, 2013. "The Impact of the Kalamazoo Promise on College Choice: An Analysis of Kalamazoo Area Math and Science Center Graduates," Upjohn Working Papers 2013-014, W.E. Upjohn Institute for Employment Research.
    9. Robert Bozick & Trey Miller, 2014. "In-State College Tuition Policies for Undocumented Immigrants: Implications for High School Enrollment Among Non-citizen Mexican Youth," Population Research and Policy Review, Springer;Southern Demographic Association (SDA), vol. 33(1), pages 13-30, February.
    10. Timothy J. Bartik & Nathan Sotherland, 2015. "Migration and Housing Price Effects of Place-Based College Scholarships," Upjohn Working Papers 15-245, W.E. Upjohn Institute for Employment Research.
    11. LeGower, Michael & Walsh, Randall, 2017. "Promise scholarship programs as place-making policy: Evidence from school enrollment and housing prices," Journal of Urban Economics, Elsevier, vol. 101(C), pages 74-89.
    12. Bartik, Timothy J. & Hershbein, Brad & Lachowska, Marta, 2016. "The Merits of Universal Scholarships: Benefit-Cost Evidence from the Kalamazoo Promise," Journal of Benefit-Cost Analysis, Cambridge University Press, vol. 7(3), pages 400-433, October.

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    Keywords

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    JEL classification:

    • I21 - Health, Education, and Welfare - - Education - - - Analysis of Education
    • I24 - Health, Education, and Welfare - - Education - - - Education and Inequality

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