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Nonbank Lenders as Global Shock Absorbers: Evidence from US Monetary Policy Spillovers

In: NBER International Seminar on Macroeconomics 2023

Author

Listed:
  • David Elliott
  • Ralf R. Meisenzahl
  • José-Luis Peydró

Abstract

We show that nonbank lenders act as global shock absorbers from US monetary policy spillovers. For identification, we exploit loan‑level data from the global syndicated lending market and US monetary policy surprises. We find that when US monetary policy tightens, nonbanks increase dollar credit supply to non‑US corporate borrowers, relative to banks. This partially mitigates the total reduction in dollar lending. The substitution is stronger for emerging market borrowers, riskier borrowers, and borrowers in countries subject to stronger capital inflow restrictions. Results suggest that our findings are not driven by borrower‑lender matching, zombie lending, or destabilising lending. Moreover, the credit substitution has real effects, as firms with existing relationships with nonbank lenders increase total debt, investment, and employment relative to firms without such relationships. Our findings suggest that having more diversified funding providers (nonbanks in addition to banks) reduces the volatility in capital flows and economic activity associated with the global financial cycle.
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Suggested Citation

  • David Elliott & Ralf R. Meisenzahl & José-Luis Peydró, 2023. "Nonbank Lenders as Global Shock Absorbers: Evidence from US Monetary Policy Spillovers," NBER Chapters, in: NBER International Seminar on Macroeconomics 2023, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc.
    • Handle: RePEc:nbr:nberch:15042
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    Cited by:

    1. Cincinelli, Peter & Pellini, Elisabetta & Urga, Giovanni, 2024. "Is there an optimal level of leverage? The case of banks and non-bank institutions in Europe," International Review of Financial Analysis, Elsevier, vol. 94(C).
    2. Stefan Avdjiev & Leonardo Gambacorta & Linda S. Goldberg & Stefano Schiaffi, 2025. "The Risk Sensitivity of Global Liquidity Flows: Heterogeneity, Evolution and Drivers," NBER Working Papers 33674, National Bureau of Economic Research, Inc.
    3. Fabiani, Josefina & Neanidis, Kyriakos C., 2025. "The bank-lending channel of macroprudential policy: Evidence from cross-border bank flows," Journal of International Economics, Elsevier, vol. 157(C).
    4. Iñaki Aldasoro & Sebastian Doerr, 2023. "Who borrows from money market funds?," BIS Quarterly Review, Bank for International Settlements, December.
    5. Renzhi, Nuobu & Beirne, John, 2025. "The nexus of peer-to-peer lending and monetary policy transmission: Evidence from the People's Republic of China," Pacific-Basin Finance Journal, Elsevier, vol. 91(C).
    6. Longaric, Pablo Anaya & Cera, Katharina & Georgiadis, Georgios & Kaufmann, Christoph, 2025. "Investment funds and euro disaster risk," Working Paper Series 3029, European Central Bank.
    7. London, Mélina & Silvestrini, Maéva, 2025. "US monetary policy spillovers to emerging markets: The role of trade credit," Journal of International Economics, Elsevier, vol. 155(C).
    8. Sharjil M. Haque & Young Soo Jang & Jessie Jiaxu Wang, 2025. "Indirect Credit Supply: How Bank Lending to Private Credit Shapes Monetary Policy Transmission," Finance and Economics Discussion Series 2025-059, Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System (U.S.).
    9. Pelizzon, Loriana & Mattiello, Riccardo & Schlegel, Jonas, 2025. "Growth of non-bank financial intermediaries, financial stability, and monetary policy," SAFE Working Paper Series 458, Leibniz Institute for Financial Research SAFE.
    10. Pelizzon, Loriana & Mattiello, Riccardo & Schlegel, Jonas, 2025. "Growth of non-bank financial intermediaries, financial stability, and monetary policy: Prepared for the ECB Forum," SAFE White Paper Series 114, Leibniz Institute for Financial Research SAFE.
    11. McCann, Fergal & McGeever, Niall & Peia, Oana, 2023. "Do non-bank lenders mitigate credit supply shocks? Evidence from a major bank exit," Research Technical Papers 9/RT/23, Central Bank of Ireland.
    12. Giovanni Favara & Camelia Minoiu & Ander Pérez-Orive, 2024. "Zombie Lending to U.S. Firms," FRB Atlanta Working Paper 2024-7, Federal Reserve Bank of Atlanta.
    13. Giuliana, Raffaele & Reddan, Paul, 2025. "Non-bank Lenders to SMEs: Sensitivity to Financial Conditions," Research Technical Papers 5/RT/25, Central Bank of Ireland.
    14. Davydiuk, Tetiana & Marchuk, Tatyana & Rosen, Samuel, 2024. "Direct lenders in the U.S. middle market," Journal of Financial Economics, Elsevier, vol. 162(C).
    15. Mélina London & Maëva Silvestrini, 2023. "US Monetary Policy Spillovers to Emerging Markets: the Trade Credit Channel," Working papers 915, Banque de France.
    16. Iñaki Aldasoro & Sebastian Doerr, 2025. "Collateralized lending in private credit," BIS Working Papers 1267, Bank for International Settlements.
    17. Matt Darst & Sotirios Kokas & Alexandros Kontonikas & José-Luis Peydró & Alexandros Vardoulakis, 2025. "QE, Bank Liquidity Risk Management, and Non-Bank Funding: Evidence from U.S. Administrative Data," Finance and Economics Discussion Series 2025-030, Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System (U.S.).

    More about this item

    JEL classification:

    • E5 - Macroeconomics and Monetary Economics - - Monetary Policy, Central Banking, and the Supply of Money and Credit
    • F34 - International Economics - - International Finance - - - International Lending and Debt Problems
    • F42 - International Economics - - Macroeconomic Aspects of International Trade and Finance - - - International Policy Coordination and Transmission
    • G21 - Financial Economics - - Financial Institutions and Services - - - Banks; Other Depository Institutions; Micro Finance Institutions; Mortgages
    • G23 - Financial Economics - - Financial Institutions and Services - - - Non-bank Financial Institutions; Financial Instruments; Institutional Investors
    • G28 - Financial Economics - - Financial Institutions and Services - - - Government Policy and Regulation

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