IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/a/ysm/ypfsfc/2322.html
   My bibliography  Save this article

Market Liquidity Programs: GFC and Before

Author

Abstract

The virulence of the Global Financial Crisis of 2007-09 (GFC) was explained in large part by the increased reliance of the global financial system on market-based funding and the lack of preexisting tools to address a disruption in that type of system. This paper surveys market liquidity programs (MLPs), which we define as government interventions in which the key motivation is to stabilize liquidity in a specific wholesale funding market that is under stress. Most of the MLPs surveyed in this paper were launched during and after the GFC, but two pre-GFC MLPs are included. A subsequent survey on MLPs in response to the COVID-19 crisis is forthcoming. MLPs focus on markets that a central bank believes are critical to financial stability. Stress in these markets could be interfering with monetary policy transmission or disrupting the smooth flow of credit to the real economy. MLPs depart from traditional central bank responses to a systemwide liquidity crisis. MLPs have used a variety of techniques that central bankers would typically consider nonstandard for the purpose of promoting liquidity in wholesale funding markets. These include (1) targeted lender-of-last resort activities, (2) lending securities for securities, (3) lending cash for securities, (4) large-scale asset purchases, (5) targeted asset purchases, and (6) indirect asset purchases.

Suggested Citation

  • Metrick, Andrew, 2020. "Market Liquidity Programs: GFC and Before," Journal of Financial Crises, Yale Program on Financial Stability (YPFS), vol. 2(3), pages 41-70, April.
    • Handle: RePEc:ysm:ypfsfc:2322
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: https://elischolar.library.yale.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1120&context=journal-of-financial-crises
    Download Restriction: no
    ---><---

    References listed on IDEAS

    as
    1. Claudio Borio & Anna Zabai, 2018. "Unconventional monetary policies: a re-appraisal," Chapters, in: Peter Conti-Brown & Rosa M. Lastra (ed.), Research Handbook on Central Banking, chapter 20, pages 398-444, Edward Elgar Publishing.
    2. Stephen G. Cecchetti & Piti Disyatat, 2010. "Central bank tools and liquidity shortages," Economic Policy Review, Federal Reserve Bank of New York, vol. 16(Aug), pages 29-42.
    3. Brian P. Sack, 2010. "Reflections on the TALF and the Federal Reserve's role as liquidity provider," Speech 26, Federal Reserve Bank of New York.
    4. Olivier Armantier & John Sporn, 2013. "Auctions implemented by the Federal Reserve Bank of New York during the Great Recession," Staff Reports 635, Federal Reserve Bank of New York.
    5. Richard G. Anderson & Charles S. Gascon, 2009. "The commercial paper market, the Fed, and the 2007-2009 financial crisis," Review, Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis, vol. 91(Nov), pages 589-612.
    6. Amalia Estenssoro, 2013. "Mapping the Global Shadow Banking System," Central Banker, Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis, issue Winter.
    7. Campbell, Sean & Covitz, Daniel & Nelson, William & Pence, Karen, 2011. "Securitization markets and central banking: An evaluation of the term asset-backed securities loan facility," Journal of Monetary Economics, Elsevier, vol. 58(5), pages 518-531.
    8. Brett W. Fawley & Christopher J. Neely, 2013. "Four stories of quantitative easing," Review, Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis, issue Jan, pages 51-88.
    Full references (including those not matched with items on IDEAS)

    Citations

    Citations are extracted by the CitEc Project, subscribe to its RSS feed for this item.
    as


    Cited by:

    1. Metrick, Andrew, 2022. "Market Support Programs: COVID-19 Crisis," Journal of Financial Crises, Yale Program on Financial Stability (YPFS), vol. 4(2), pages 179-219, April.
    2. Metrick, Andrew, 2022. "Broad-Based Emergency Liquidity Programs," Journal of Financial Crises, Yale Program on Financial Stability (YPFS), vol. 4(2), pages 86-178, April.

    Most related items

    These are the items that most often cite the same works as this one and are cited by the same works as this one.
    1. Claudio Borio & Anna Zabai, 2018. "Unconventional monetary policies: a re-appraisal," Chapters, in: Peter Conti-Brown & Rosa M. Lastra (ed.), Research Handbook on Central Banking, chapter 20, pages 398-444, Edward Elgar Publishing.
    2. Scott Brave & Hesna Genay, 2011. "Federal Reserve policies and financial market conditions during the crisis," Working Paper Series WP-2011-04, Federal Reserve Bank of Chicago.
    3. Carlos Rodríguez & Carlos A. Carrasco, 2016. "ECB Policy Responses between 2007 and 2014: A Chronological Analysis and an Assessment of Their Effects," Panoeconomicus, Savez ekonomista Vojvodine, Novi Sad, Serbia, vol. 63(4), pages 455-473, September.
    4. Nelson, Edward, 2013. "Friedman's monetary economics in practice," Journal of International Money and Finance, Elsevier, vol. 38(C), pages 59-83.
    5. Puonti, Päivi, 2019. "Data-driven structural BVAR analysis of unconventional monetary policy," Journal of Macroeconomics, Elsevier, vol. 61(C), pages 1-1.
    6. Maria Sole Pagliari, 2021. "Does one (unconventional) size fit all? Effects of the ECB's unconventional monetary policies on the euro area economies," Working papers 829, Banque de France.
    7. Rhee, June, 2020. "The Term Asset-Backed Securities Loan Facility (TALF) (U.S. GFC)," Journal of Financial Crises, Yale Program on Financial Stability (YPFS), vol. 2(3), pages 281-306, April.
    8. Anne-Marie Rieu-Foucault, 2018. "Les interventions de crise de la FED et de la BCE diffèrent-elles ?," Working Papers hal-04141702, HAL.
    9. Martina Cecioni & Giuseppe Ferrero & Alessandro Secchi, 2018. "Unconventional Monetary Policy in Theory and in Practice," World Scientific Book Chapters, in: Douglas D Evanoff & George G Kaufman & A G Malliaris (ed.), Innovative Federal Reserve Policies During the Great Financial Crisis, chapter 1, pages 1-36, World Scientific Publishing Co. Pte. Ltd..
    10. Gábor Dávid Kiss & Mercédesz Mészáros, 2020. "Gravity Among Central Bank Balance Sheets: Monetary Policy Spill-Over on FX Volatility," Econometric Research in Finance, SGH Warsaw School of Economics, Collegium of Economic Analysis, vol. 5(1), pages 33-57, June.
    11. Belke, Ansgar, 2018. "The Effectiveness of the Fed?s Quantitative Easing Policy - A Survey of the Econometrics/La efectividad de expansión cuantitativa de la Fed. Una panorámica econométrica," Estudios de Economia Aplicada, Estudios de Economia Aplicada, vol. 36, pages 291-308, Enero.
    12. McMahon, Michael & Peiris, M. Udara & Polemarchakis, Herakles, 2018. "Perils of unconventional monetary policy," Journal of Economic Dynamics and Control, Elsevier, vol. 93(C), pages 92-114.
    13. Fiorelli, Cristiana & Meliciani, Valentina, 2019. "Economic growth in the era of unconventional monetary instruments: A FAVAR approach," Journal of Macroeconomics, Elsevier, vol. 62(C).
    14. Olga Kuznetsova & Sergey Merzlyakov & Sergey Pekarski, 2019. "Confidence in future monetary policy as a way to overcome the liquidity trap," Russian Journal of Economics, ARPHA Platform, vol. 5(2), pages 117-135, July.
    15. Eva Zamrazilová, 2014. "Měnová politika: krátkodobá stabilizace versus dlouhodobá rizika [Monetary Policy: Short-Term Stabilization versus Long-Term Risks]," Politická ekonomie, Prague University of Economics and Business, vol. 2014(1), pages 3-31.
    16. Eladio Febrero & Jorge Uxó & Óscar Dejuán, 2015. "The ECB During the Financial Crisis. Not so Unconventional!," Metroeconomica, Wiley Blackwell, vol. 66(4), pages 715-739, November.
    17. Green, Christopher & Bai, Ye & Murinde, Victor & Ngoka, Kethi & Maana, Isaya & Tiriongo, Samuel, 2016. "Overnight interbank markets and the determination of the interbank rate: A selective survey," International Review of Financial Analysis, Elsevier, vol. 44(C), pages 149-161.
    18. KAMKOUM, Arnaud Cedric, 2023. "The Federal Reserve’s Response to the Global Financial Crisis and its Effects: An Interrupted Time-Series Analysis of the Impact of its Quantitative Easing Programs," Thesis Commons d7pvg, Center for Open Science.
    19. Claudia Buch & Catherine Koch & Michael Koetter, 2016. "Crises and rescues: liquidity transmission through international banks," BIS Working Papers 576, Bank for International Settlements.
    20. Bauer, Michael D. & Neely, Christopher J., 2014. "International channels of the Fed's unconventional monetary policy," Journal of International Money and Finance, Elsevier, vol. 44(C), pages 24-46.

    More about this item

    Keywords

    market liquidity; wholesale funding; market-based funding; financial stability;
    All these keywords.

    JEL classification:

    • G01 - Financial Economics - - General - - - Financial Crises
    • G28 - Financial Economics - - Financial Institutions and Services - - - Government Policy and Regulation

    Statistics

    Access and download statistics

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:ysm:ypfsfc:2322. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    If CitEc recognized a bibliographic reference but did not link an item in RePEc to it, you can help with this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: the person in charge (email available below). General contact details of provider: https://edirc.repec.org/data/smyalus.html .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.