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Filtering Out Expected Dividends and Expected Returns

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  • Oleg Rytchkov

    (Fox School of Business, Temple University, 1801 Liacouras Walk, 423 Alter Hall (006-01), Philadelphia, PA 19122, USA)

Abstract

This paper applies a state space approach to the analysis of stock return predictability. It acknowledges that expected returns and expected dividends are unobservable and uses the Kalman filter to extract them from the observed history of realized dividends and returns. The suggested approach explicitly takes into account the time variation in expected dividend growth rates and exploits the present value relation. The obtained predictors for future returns are robust to structural breaks in the means of expected dividends and returns and more efficient than the dividend–price ratio. The likelihood ratio test reliably rejects the hypothesis of constant expected returns.

Suggested Citation

  • Oleg Rytchkov, 2012. "Filtering Out Expected Dividends and Expected Returns," Quarterly Journal of Finance (QJF), World Scientific Publishing Co. Pte. Ltd., vol. 2(03), pages 1-56.
    • Handle: RePEc:wsi:qjfxxx:v:02:y:2012:i:03:n:s2010139212500127
    DOI: 10.1142/S2010139212500127
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Campbell, John Y, 1990. "Measuring the Persistence of Expected Returns," American Economic Review, American Economic Association, vol. 80(2), pages 43-47, May.
    2. Wachter, Jessica A. & Warusawitharana, Missaka, 2015. "What is the chance that the equity premium varies over time? Evidence from regressions on the dividend-price ratio," Journal of Econometrics, Elsevier, vol. 186(1), pages 74-93.
    3. Durbin, James & Koopman, Siem Jan, 2012. "Time Series Analysis by State Space Methods," OUP Catalogue, Oxford University Press, edition 2, number 9780199641178.
    4. Jessica A. Wachter & Missaka Warusawitharana, 2009. "What is the chance that the equity premium varies over time? evidence from predictive regressions," Finance and Economics Discussion Series 2009-26, Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System (U.S.).
    5. Amir Yaron & Ravi Bansal, 2007. "The Asset Pricing Macro Nexus and Return Cash-Flow Predictability," 2007 Meeting Papers 18, Society for Economic Dynamics.
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    Citations

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    Cited by:

    1. Kwang Hun Choi & Chang‐Jin Kim & Cheolbeom Park, 2017. "Regime Shifts in Price‐Dividend Ratios and Expected Stock Returns: A Present‐Value Approach," Journal of Money, Credit and Banking, Blackwell Publishing, vol. 49(2-3), pages 417-441, March.
    2. Davide Delle Monache & Ivan Petrella & Fabrizio Venditti, 2021. "Price Dividend Ratio and Long-Run Stock Returns: A Score-Driven State Space Model," Journal of Business & Economic Statistics, Taylor & Francis Journals, vol. 39(4), pages 1054-1065, October.
    3. Dooruj McRambaccussing, 2015. "Moment Matching in the Present Value identity, and a New Model," Dundee Discussion Papers in Economics 291, Economic Studies, University of Dundee.
    4. Dahlquist, Magnus & Pénasse, Julien, 2022. "The missing risk premium in exchange rates," Journal of Financial Economics, Elsevier, vol. 143(2), pages 697-715.
    5. Golinski, Adam & Madeira, Joao & Rambaccussing, Dooruj, 2014. "Fractional Integration of the Price-Dividend Ratio in a Present-Value Model of Stock Prices," SIRE Discussion Papers 2015-79, Scottish Institute for Research in Economics (SIRE).
    6. Albert S. Kyle & Anna Obizhaeva & Yajun Wang, 2016. "Beliefs Aggregation and Return Predictability," Working Papers w0231, Center for Economic and Financial Research (CEFIR).
    7. Ilaria Piatti & Fabio Trojani, 2020. "Dividend Growth Predictability and the Price–Dividend Ratio," Management Science, INFORMS, vol. 66(1), pages 130-158, January.
    8. He, Zhongzhi (Lawrence) & Zhu, Jie & Zhu, Xiaoneng, 2015. "Dynamic factors and asset pricing: International and further U.S. evidence," Pacific-Basin Finance Journal, Elsevier, vol. 32(C), pages 21-39.
    9. Nazliben, K. Korhan & Rodríguez, Juan Carlos, 2018. "Permanent shocks, signal extraction, and portfolio selection," Journal of Economic Dynamics and Control, Elsevier, vol. 92(C), pages 47-68.
    10. Golinski, Adam & Madeira, Joao & Rambaccussing, Dooruj, 2014. "Fractional Integration of the Price-Dividend Ratio in a Present-Value Model," MPRA Paper 58554, University Library of Munich, Germany.
    11. Helmut Herwartz & Malte Rengel & Fang Xu, 2016. "Local Trends in Price‐to‐Dividend Ratios—Assessment, Predictive Value, and Determinants," Journal of Money, Credit and Banking, Blackwell Publishing, vol. 48(8), pages 1655-1690, December.
    12. Albert S. Kyle & Anna Obizhaeva & Yajun Wang, 2016. "Beliefs Aggregation and Return Predictability," Working Papers w0231, New Economic School (NES).
    13. Irina Zviadadze, 2021. "Term Structure of Risk in Expected Returns [Stock returns and volatility: Pricing the short-run and long-run components of market risk]," The Review of Financial Studies, Society for Financial Studies, vol. 34(12), pages 6032-6086.
    14. Albert S. Kyle & Anna A. Obizhaeva & Yajun Wang, 2023. "Beliefs Aggregation and Return Predictability," Journal of Finance, American Finance Association, vol. 78(1), pages 427-486, February.

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