Retracted: Internal Migration, Mobility, and Exclusion in Urban India: An Examination

India is urbanizing, and in just under two decades its urban population is likely to double to reach 600 million. Much of this growth will be due to the migration of people of economically weaker sections from rural areas, which will lead to urban poverty. From a policy perspective, this is a critical opportunity as urbanization lends a new chance to correct some of India's developmental errors. It can therefore be proposed that the state and its citizens reflect on the processes and structures through which exclusion is created, propagated, maintained, or even overlooked in urban India so as to identify mechanisms with which to alleviate it. This article identifies key knowledge gaps on the issue of migration and commuting workers in India. First, it is necessary to understand how the sources of income of rural households in India have changed over time. Second, we need to understand why estimates of various types of migration flows, in particular short migration flows, captured by official data are at variance with localized studies. Third, we do not fully understand the extent to which rural–urban migration contributes to the phenomenon of urbanization of poverty. And finally, given the concern over exclusionary urbanization, we need to understand the legal and structural impediments to migration.