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Prevalence and correlates of household food insecurity in Delhi and Chennai, India

Author

Listed:
  • Garima Rautela

    (Centre for Chronic Disease Control)

  • Mohammed K. Ali

    (Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University)

  • Dorairaj Prabhakaran

    (Centre for Chronic Disease Control
    Public Health Foundation of India)

  • K.M. Venkat Narayan

    (Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University)

  • Nikhil Tandon

    (All India Institute of Medical Sciences)

  • Viswanathan Mohan

    (Madras Diabetes Research Foundation and Dr. Mohan’s Diabetes Specialities Centre)

  • Lindsay M. Jaacks

    (Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health)

Abstract

India is home to nearly 200 million undernourished people, yet little is known about the characteristics of those experiencing food insecurity, especially among urban households. The objectives of this study were: (1) to report the prevalence of food insecurity in two large, population-based representative samples in urban India, (2) to describe socio-economic correlates of food insecurity in this context, and (3) to compare the dietary intake of adults living in food insecure households to that of adults living in food secure households. Data are from 4334 households participating in an ongoing population-based cohort study of a representative sample of Delhi and Chennai, India. The most recent wave of data (2017–2018) were analyzed. Food insecurity was measured using the 9-item Household Food Insecurity Access Scale (HFIAS) and dietary intake using a 33-item qualitative food frequency questionnaire. The overall prevalence of food insecurity was 8.5% (95% confidence interval [CI], 6.8–10.2); 15.2% (95% CI 12.0–18.4) of the poorest households (lowest wealth index tertile) were food insecure compared to 1.7% (95% CI 1.0–2.3) of the wealthiest households (highest wealth index tertile). Participants experiencing food insecurity were significantly younger and more likely to be from Delhi compared to Chennai. After adjustment for socio-economic factors (city, age, sex, education, wealth index, fuel used for cooking, and source of drinking water), participants experiencing food insecurity had significantly higher meat, poultry, roots and tubers (potato), and sugar sweetened beverage intakes, and lower vegetables, fruit, dairy, and nut intakes. Food insecurity is highly prevalent among the poorest households in urban India and is associated with intake of a number of unhealthy dietary items.

Suggested Citation

  • Garima Rautela & Mohammed K. Ali & Dorairaj Prabhakaran & K.M. Venkat Narayan & Nikhil Tandon & Viswanathan Mohan & Lindsay M. Jaacks, 2020. "Prevalence and correlates of household food insecurity in Delhi and Chennai, India," Food Security: The Science, Sociology and Economics of Food Production and Access to Food, Springer;The International Society for Plant Pathology, vol. 12(2), pages 391-404, April.
    • Handle: RePEc:spr:ssefpa:v:12:y:2020:i:2:d:10.1007_s12571-020-01015-0
    DOI: 10.1007/s12571-020-01015-0
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Siddharth Agarwal & Vani Sethi & Palak Gupta & Meenakshi Jha & Ayushi Agnihotri & Mark Nord, 2009. "Experiential household food insecurity in an urban underserved slum of North India," Food Security: The Science, Sociology and Economics of Food Production and Access to Food, Springer;The International Society for Plant Pathology, vol. 1(3), pages 239-250, September.
    2. Gowda, C. & Hadley, C. & Aiello, A.E., 2012. "The association between food insecurity and inflammation in the US adult population," American Journal of Public Health, American Public Health Association, vol. 102(8), pages 1579-1586.
    3. Kim, Jaehoon & Kim, Sangsin, 2015. "2012년 국회법 개정의 효과 연구 [A Study on the Effect of the 2012 National Assembly Act Amendment]," KDI Research Monographs, Korea Development Institute (KDI), volume 127, number v:2015-03(k):y:2015:p:1-1.
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    Cited by:

    1. Sayed Alim Samim & Zhiquan Hu & Sebastian Stepien & Sayed Younus Amini & Ramin Rayee & Kunyu Niu & George Mgendi, 2021. "Food Insecurity and Related Factors among Farming Families in Takhar Region, Afghanistan," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(18), pages 1-17, September.
    2. Lindsay M. Jaacks & Divya Veluguri & Rajesh Serupally & Aditi Roy & Poornima Prabhakaran & GV Ramanjaneyulu, 2021. "Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on agricultural production, livelihoods, and food security in India: baseline results of a phone survey," Food Security: The Science, Sociology and Economics of Food Production and Access to Food, Springer;The International Society for Plant Pathology, vol. 13(5), pages 1323-1339, October.

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