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Validation of the Flourishing Scale and Scale of Positive and Negative Experience in Portugal

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  • Ana Silva
  • António Caetano

Abstract

The Flourishing Scale (FS) and the Scale of Positive and Negative Experience (SPANE) created by Diener et al. (Soc Indic Res 97:143–156, 2010 ) are instruments that assess psychological flourishing and feelings (positive and negative, and the difference between the two). In this study, the psychometric properties of both scales were explored by using two Portuguese samples (I: n = 734; II: n = 194). Reliability analysis and a multi-group confirmatory factorial analysis (MCFA) of both scales were performed. To examine the validity of FS and SPANE we analyzed their correlations with other well-being and happiness measures. Results showed that the Portuguese versions of both scales have good psychometric properties, and they also showed convergent validity. Results also demonstrated the unidimensional structure of the FS and a two-factor solution for the SPANE. The multi-group CFA of both scales evidenced an invariant structure. Both Portuguese versions of the scales behave consistently with the original and may be used in future studies of well-being. Copyright Springer Science+Business Media B.V. 2013

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  • Ana Silva & António Caetano, 2013. "Validation of the Flourishing Scale and Scale of Positive and Negative Experience in Portugal," Social Indicators Research: An International and Interdisciplinary Journal for Quality-of-Life Measurement, Springer, vol. 110(2), pages 469-478, January.
    • Handle: RePEc:spr:soinre:v:110:y:2013:i:2:p:469-478
    DOI: 10.1007/s11205-011-9938-y
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Ed Diener & Derrick Wirtz & William Tov & Chu Kim-Prieto & Dong-won Choi & Shigehiro Oishi & Robert Biswas-Diener, 2010. "New Well-being Measures: Short Scales to Assess Flourishing and Positive and Negative Feelings," Social Indicators Research: An International and Interdisciplinary Journal for Quality-of-Life Measurement, Springer, vol. 97(2), pages 143-156, June.
    2. Michael Fordyce, 1988. "A review of research on the happiness measures: A sixty second index of happiness and mental health," Social Indicators Research: An International and Interdisciplinary Journal for Quality-of-Life Measurement, Springer, vol. 20(4), pages 355-381, August.
    3. Edward Deci & Richard Ryan, 2008. "Hedonia, eudaimonia, and well-being: an introduction," Journal of Happiness Studies, Springer, vol. 9(1), pages 1-11, January.
    4. Robert Cummins, 2003. "Normative Life Satisfaction: Measurement Issues and a Homeostatic Model," Social Indicators Research: An International and Interdisciplinary Journal for Quality-of-Life Measurement, Springer, vol. 64(2), pages 225-256, November.
    5. Sonja Lyubomirsky & Heidi Lepper, 1999. "A Measure of Subjective Happiness: Preliminary Reliability and Construct Validation," Social Indicators Research: An International and Interdisciplinary Journal for Quality-of-Life Measurement, Springer, vol. 46(2), pages 137-155, February.
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    Cited by:

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    2. Jesus Alfonso D. Datu, 2018. "Flourishing is Associated with Higher Academic Achievement and Engagement in Filipino Undergraduate and High School Students," Journal of Happiness Studies, Springer, vol. 19(1), pages 27-39, January.
    3. Isabella Romano & Mark A. Ferro & Karen A. Patte & Ed Diener & Scott T. Leatherdale, 2020. "Measurement Invariance of the Flourishing Scale among a Large Sample of Canadian Adolescents," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 17(21), pages 1-15, October.
    4. Inês Mendonça & Franz Coelho & Paulo Ferrajão & Ana Maria Abreu, 2022. "Telework and Mental Health during COVID-19," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(5), pages 1-23, February.
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    6. Chua Bee Seok & Getrude Cosmas & Shazia Iqbal Hashmi & Carmella Ading, 2022. "Psychometric and Gender Invariance Analysis of the Flourishing Scale in the Malaysian Context," SAGE Open, , vol. 12(2), pages 21582440221, May.
    7. Andrew Howell & Karen Buro, 2015. "Measuring and Predicting Student Well-Being: Further Evidence in Support of the Flourishing Scale and the Scale of Positive and Negative Experiences," Social Indicators Research: An International and Interdisciplinary Journal for Quality-of-Life Measurement, Springer, vol. 121(3), pages 903-915, April.
    8. Jesus Alfonso D. Datu & Charlie E. Labarda & Maria Guadalupe C. Salanga, 2020. "Flourishing is Associated with Achievement Goal Orientations and Academic Delay of Gratification in a Collectivist Context," Journal of Happiness Studies, Springer, vol. 21(4), pages 1171-1182, April.
    9. Daniel T. L. Shek & Wenyu Chai & Kaiji Zhou, 2023. "Risk Factors and Protective Factors of Internet Addiction in University Students during the Pandemic: Implications for Prevention and Treatment," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 20(11), pages 1-17, May.
    10. Vicente Prado-Gascó & Virginia Romero-Reignier & Patricia Mesa-Gresa & Ana Belén Górriz, 2020. "Subjective Well-Being in Spanish Adolescents: Psychometric Properties of the Scale of Positive and Negative Experiences," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 12(10), pages 1-16, May.
    11. Lindblom, Arto & Lindblom, Taru & Wechtler, Heidi, 2020. "Dispositional optimism, entrepreneurial success and exit intentions: The mediating effects of life satisfaction," Journal of Business Research, Elsevier, vol. 120(C), pages 230-240.
    12. Lars Bauger & Rob Bongaardt & Jack J. Bauer, 2021. "Maturity and Well-Being: The Development of Self-Authorship, Eudaimonic Motives, Age, and Subjective Well-Being," Journal of Happiness Studies, Springer, vol. 22(3), pages 1313-1340, March.
    13. Marta Martín-Carbonell & Irene Checa & Martha Fernández-Daza & Yadid Paternina & Begoña Espejo, 2021. "Adaptation and Psychometric Properties of the Scale of Positive and Negative Experience (SPANE) in the General Colombian Population," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(12), pages 1-17, June.
    14. Nona C. Kiknadze & Blaine J. Fowers, 2023. "Cultural Variation in Flourishing," Journal of Happiness Studies, Springer, vol. 24(7), pages 2223-2244, October.
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    17. Feng Li & Xinwen Bai & Yong Wang, 2013. "The Scale of Positive and Negative Experience (SPANE): Psychometric Properties and Normative Data in a Large Chinese Sample," PLOS ONE, Public Library of Science, vol. 8(4), pages 1-9, April.
    18. Ana Junça-Silva, 2022. "Friends with Benefits: The Positive Consequences of Pet-Friendly Practices for Workers’ Well-Being," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 19(3), pages 1-10, January.
    19. Marta Martín-Carbonell & Begoña Espejo & Irene Checa & Martha Fernández-Daza, 2021. "Adaptation and Measurement Invariance by Gender of the Flourishing Scale in a Colombian Sample," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 18(5), pages 1-12, March.
    20. Kristen K. Shanine & Kristen Madison & James G. Combs & Kimberly A. Eddleston, 2023. "Parenting the Successor: It Starts at Home and Leaves an Enduring Impact on the Family Business," Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice, , vol. 47(4), pages 1093-1131, July.
    21. Begoña Espejo & Irene Checa & Jaime Perales-Puchalt & Juan Francisco Lisón, 2020. "Validation and Measurement Invariance of the Scale of Positive and Negative Experience (SPANE) in a Spanish General Sample," IJERPH, MDPI, vol. 17(22), pages 1-15, November.
    22. Vânia Sofia Carvalho & Alda Santos & Maria Teresa Ribeiro & Maria José Chambel, 2021. "Please, Do Not Interrupt Me: Work–Family Balance and Segmentation Behavior as Mediators of Boundary Violations and Teleworkers’ Burnout and Flourishing," Sustainability, MDPI, vol. 13(13), pages 1-15, June.

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