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Policy adoption, legislative developments, and implementation: the resulting global differences among countries in the management of biological resources

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  • George Atisa

    (The University of Texas Rio Grande Valley)

Abstract

Policy adoption and implementation depend on a wide range of considerations that include the level of stakeholder participation and the choice of top-down or bottom-up approaches. The existence of a stakeholder participation platform is often seen as critical to facilitate both adoption and implementation of international treaties. However, it may not automatically lead to improved policy outcomes or legislative effectiveness. This study compares countries with and without stakeholder participation platforms for policy implementation and assesses whether there are differences in their management of biological resources. The study had two goals: (1) examining the adoption and implementation of public policies and legislation at national and local levels within countries; and (2) analyzing the differences between countries that have developed stakeholder participation platforms for sustainable forest management. Data were obtained from the Global Forest Resources Assessment Report 2015 of the Food and Agricultural Organization. Cross-tabulation and independent sample t test findings show strong relationships at higher levels of government between countries, but weak relationships at local levels. Significant differences are observed at all levels. These results shed light on the severe challenges that governments face in adopting global environmental policies and passing them down to local levels for implementation. The study concludes that although excellent policies and regulations may exist, they often do not lead to significantly better outcomes at all levels of government.

Suggested Citation

  • George Atisa, 2020. "Policy adoption, legislative developments, and implementation: the resulting global differences among countries in the management of biological resources," International Environmental Agreements: Politics, Law and Economics, Springer, vol. 20(1), pages 141-159, March.
    • Handle: RePEc:spr:ieaple:v:20:y:2020:i:1:d:10.1007_s10784-020-09467-7
    DOI: 10.1007/s10784-020-09467-7
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    Cited by:

    1. George Atisa & Aziza Zemrani & Mathew Weiss, 2021. "Decentralized governments: local empowerment and sustainable development challenges in Africa," Environment, Development and Sustainability: A Multidisciplinary Approach to the Theory and Practice of Sustainable Development, Springer, vol. 23(3), pages 3349-3367, March.
    2. María Jesús González González, 2020. "Analysis, Systemization of the Impacts of Planning on the Territory: Applied to the Ordesa National Park," Land, MDPI, vol. 9(12), pages 1-21, December.
    3. Matilda Petersson & Peter Stoett, 2022. "Lessons learnt in global biodiversity governance," International Environmental Agreements: Politics, Law and Economics, Springer, vol. 22(2), pages 333-352, June.
    4. Parita Shah & George Atisa, 2021. "Environmental education and awareness: the present and future key to the sustainable management of Ramsar convention sites in Kenya," International Environmental Agreements: Politics, Law and Economics, Springer, vol. 21(4), pages 611-630, December.
    5. George Atisa, 2020. "Using historical information and data to strengthen planning for environmental protection and management at Everglades National Park, South Florida," Journal of Environmental Studies and Sciences, Springer;Association of Environmental Studies and Sciences, vol. 10(2), pages 124-136, June.

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